MADKEPOEAEIA OF THE DEEP SEA. 313 



shallow water in Dingle Bay, and in from 90 to 110 fathoms in No. 6 dredging of the 

 first expedition of the ' Porcupine.' The variety is also found off Valentia. 



The corallum is attached by a small peduncle during the early part of its existence ; 

 and it usually, but not invariably, separates by friction subsequently; and then the 

 peduncle diminishes in size. 



The characteristic peculiarities are the curved compressed conical shape, the large 

 growth, and the exsert septa, and the epitheca, which reaches close up to the calicular 

 margin. The costse are largely granular, and the fossa is deep. 



Caryophyllia ctathus, Ellis & Solander, sp.' 

 ^ Variety a. africana. (Plate XLVIIl. figs. 3, 4.) 



The corallum is compressed, curved, and attached by a delicate peduncle. 



The septa are not so close or so short as in the typical form. 



The epitheca is not so complete. 



The specimen was dredged up in the second expedition of the ' Porcupine ' (No. 32), 

 in 651 fathoms. 



Caryophyllia aecuata, Ed. & H. 

 ^ Variety a, with prominent costse. (Plate XLIII. figs. 1-4.) 



The corallum is tall, with a large incrusting base, a long cylindrical stem, and a 

 conico-cylindrical termination. 



The calice is subcircular, and the margin is irregular from the larger septa being on 

 a higher level than the others. 



The septa are stout, unequal, granular laterally, and rounded above. There are four 

 cycles of them, in six systems. The primary and secondary septa are equal, are higher 

 than the others, and are continued as prominent semicristiform costae down two thirds 

 of the outside of the corallum. The septa of the fourth and fifth orders are nearly as 

 high as the larger ones, and higher than those of the third cycle. 



The pali are large and rounded, and flat. 



The columella is small, and is composed of eight processes. 



The fossa is shallow. 



The costse are almost equal ; but those of the tertiary and quaternary cycles are not 

 prominent like the others, but are flat ; and all are marked by close transverse rows of 

 granules, separated by transverse grooves. 



On the round part of the stem the costal ornamentation is simply granular. 



Height of corallum -fi inch ; height of calice 2^ inch. 



Dredged up in No. 19, from 248 fathoms, 2nd expedition ; No. 28, from 304 fathoms, 

 2nd expedition. 



An examination of the great series of Caryophyllice which has been obtained during 

 ' MIT. Milne-Edwards and Jules Haime, op. cit. vol. ii. p. 13. 



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