\^ 



MADEEPOEAEIA OF THE DEEP SEA. 315 



The corallum is elongate, subcylindrical, and either straight or slightly curved. The 

 wall is smooth and shining in its lower two thirds ; and in the upper third there are 

 small subequal costae, which project very slightly. The calice is subcircular. The 

 columella is fasciculate, and is formed of a small number of slender " tigelles." There 

 are four cycles of septa ; but in three systems one of the halves is deprived of the septa 

 of the fourth and fifth orders. The septa are thin, and only slightly thickened 

 externally. The pali are narrow and thick. 



One of the specknens dredged up from No. 17 a, 740 fathoms, and off the Portuguese 

 coast, is evidently closely alhed to the Cretaceous form. It has all the peculiarities 

 of Caryophyllia cylindracea, and differs from it in having the varnished-looking wall 

 (epitheca) continued up to the calicular margin, and in having the septa rather 

 stouter and the pali thicker. These are not specific distinctions in a genus which is 

 most variable ; and therefore I have retained the specific name, and have considered 

 the existing form a variety of the Cretaceous type. 



Caktophyllia ctlindkacea, Reuss. (Plate XL. figs. 5-8.) 

 •^ Variety a. With prolonged epitheca, thicker septa and pali. 



Three dead specimens of an allied form were dredged up from the " Channel slope " 

 (No. 9, 539 fathoms); and one is suificiently well preserved to be drawn. It is a variety 

 of the Cretaceous form ; and the epitheca does not reach higher than in the type, but 

 the pali are much thicker. 



Variety j3. With very thick septa and pali (figs. 9-12). 



Cakyophtllia abtssorum, Duncan. (Plate XL. figs. 1-4.) 



The corallum is elongate and slightly curved. It has a broad base and a long cylin- 

 drical pedicel, which gradually enlarges into a turbinate upper part. 



The costae are distinct from the base to the calice, and are larger and broader towards 

 the calicular end. The costae of aU. orders are equal and are granular. 



The epitheca is finely granular, and is difficult to distinguish from the wall. The 

 septa are thick, close, unequal ; and the larger are exsert. They are granular, and are 

 ornamented by radiating ridges. There are four cycles of septa, but the fourth and fifth 

 orders are absent in some half-systems. 



The pali are rounded, narrow, tall, and wavy, and have lateral swellings. 



The columella is small, deeply situate, and is composed of eight or nine projecting 

 and twisted processes. 



The calice is elliptical in outline, and the margin is thick, the fossa being rather 

 deep. 



Height of corallum \% inch ; length of calice -^q inch. 



Dredged up from 1095 fathoms (No. 17, 2nd expedition), and had not been dead any 

 great length of time. 



