MADEEPOEAEIA OF THE DEEP SEA. 333 



Section PEEFORATA. 

 Family Madreporaria. 



Subfamily Eupsammiin^. 



Genus Balanophyllia, Searles Wood, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1844. 

 Balanophyllia gaditana, Duncan. 



The corallum is claviform and cylindrical, and has a rounded base, with a scar of 

 former adhesion. The epitheca exists here and there. 



The costse are subequal and flat. 



The calice is circular in outline, and is very deep centrally. 



The septa are unequal, thick, and irregular. The smallest join the others near the 

 calicular margin; others unite midway to the columella to the internal edge of the 

 large septa. 



There are four incomplete cycles of septa in six systems. 



The columella is very small, and is situated deeply. 



Height of corallum -^ inch ; breadth of calice ^o inch. 



Dredged in No. 29 station, and in 227 fathoms. The specimen was dead, and had 

 been so for some time. 



Balakophtllia cellulosa, Duncan. (Plate XLIX. figs. 11, 12.) 



The corallum is subturbinate and curved. There is a very small scar of former 

 attachment. The epitheca is well developed, and extends up to the calicular margin, 

 and it gives the sharply granular character to the subequal costse. 



Costse very distinct at the base and elsewhere. 



The calice is circular in outline and not deep. The columella is cellular and small, 

 and does not project. 



The septa are few in number. The primary septa are large, thick, exsert, and consist 

 of cellular tissue. The other septa are represented by trabeculae, so that the cyclical 

 arrangement cannot be discovered. 



Height of corallum ^ inch ; breadth of calice ^ inch. 



Dredged up, somewhat injured, from 292 fathoms, No. 24. The specimen figured 

 was probably alive when dredged up. 



The epitheca, which is strongly developed in some species of the genus, affords but 

 secondary characters for differentiation ; consequently the genus must include Theco- 

 psammia of Pourtales. 



Balanophyllia socialis, Pourtales, sp. (Plate XLIII. figs. 14-19.) 

 JTiecopsammia socialis, Pourtales. 

 This species has been described by Pourtales, under the generic name of Theco- 



