^36 ME. ST. GEORGE MIVAET OX THE 



Next a still smaller process formed by the adjacent parapophysial processes of the 

 centra (thirtieth and thirty-fii-st), together with the neural parapophysis of the thirty- 

 first vertebra (fig. 59 & 60). 



After this follows a larger process on a lower (more ventral) level, abutting directly 

 against the proximal end of the ischium, and formed almost exclusively by the adjacent 

 parapophysial (central) processes of the thirty-first and thirty-second vertebrae (fig. 59, 

 pS Sep A). 



Next follows a smaller and even shorter process, formed by the adjacent parapophysial 

 (central) processes of the thirty-second and thirty-third vertebrae (fig. 59, y &^'). 



Then we have a closely approximated smaller process, similarly formed by the thirty- 

 third and thirty-fourth vertebrte, and, after, a scarcely noticeable prominence formed in 

 the same way by the thirty-fourth and thu-ty-fifth vertebra; (fig. 60, 6, 7). 



Next follow three conspicuous capitula, uniting distally to form an expanded plate, 

 and belonging respectively to the thirty-sixth, thii'ty-seventh, and thirty-eighth vertebrae 

 (figs. 59, 60, & 61,2/^'"). 



Eight transverse processes then serially succeed, belonging to the eight next vertebrae ; 

 and the prominent lateral margins of the centra of the five most posterior sacral 

 vertebrae may be regarded as rudimentary parapophyses. 



The Ilium (figs. 70-74). 



This bone extends preaxiad to roof the twenty-sixth or even the twenty -fifth vertebra ; 

 its dorsal margin is gently convex; its preaxial margin is irregular, more or less 

 produced at its ventral part. The ventral margin of the preacetabular part of the 

 ilium is concave, being bent more or less strongly ventrad preaxially to the acetabulum. 

 At its ventral end it here gives rise to a sharp-pointed iKo-pectineal process {Ip) or 

 spine, which projects strongly preaxially outwards and somewhat ventrad. 



The ilium forms the preaxial and dorsal border of the acetabulum and the dorsal 

 half of the much-projecting antitrochanteric process (fig. 74). 



The postacetabular part of the ilium is longer than the preacetabular part ; but the 

 excess is less in the young than in the adult. Unlike the preacetabular part, it is 

 separated, even in the adult, from the spines (fig. 72, cs) of the caudo-sacral vertebrae ; 

 and, in the young, even from those of the true sacral vertebrae. It tapers gradually 

 backwards, the two borders (dorsal and ventral) being nearly straight and approaching 

 each other postaxiad at an angle of about 13°. 



The free postaxial extremity curves somewhat outwards in the adult (fig. 72). 



The dorsum of the ilium is marked by a gluteal line or ridge, which curves outwards 

 and postaxially (fig. 72) to above the antitrochanteric process; thence it continues on 

 postaxiad, at first curving inwards, but ultimately (at about the middle of the post- 

 acetabular part of the ilium) curving outwards to the posterior extremity of the bone. 



