14 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



feet 8 inches, and the women 5 feet 3 inches), with " brachycephalic " or round 

 and broad skulls, with powerful jaws and prominent eyebrows, with faces rather 

 square or angular than oval, with fair, ruddy complexions and blue eyes, and 

 red or flaxen hair. Of these, the earliest that came may perhaps have been the 

 Latin tribes, with the Dorians and lonians ; but the first that made their way 

 through western Europe to the shores of the Atlantic were the Gael, or true Kelts. 

 After these came the Kymry ; then the Teutons ; and finally — in very recent 

 times, near the beginning of the Christian era — the Slavs. These Aryan invaders 

 were further advanced in civilization that the Iberians, who had so long inhabited 

 Europe. They understood the arts which the latter understood, and besides all 

 this, they had learned how to work metals; and their invasion of Europe 

 marks the beginning of what archaeologists call the Bronze Age, when tools and 

 weapons were no longer made of polished stones, but were wrought from an 

 alloy of copper and tin. The great Blonde Ayrans everywhere overcame the 

 small brunette Iberians, but, instead of one race exterminating or expelling the 

 other, the two races everywhere became commingled in various proportions. In 

 Greece, southern Italy, Spain, and southern France, where the Iberians were 

 most numerous as compared with the Aryan invaders, the people are still mainly 

 small in stature and dark in complexion. In Russia and Scandinavia, where 

 there were few Iberians, the people show the purity of their Aryan descent in 

 their fair complexion and large stature. While in northern Italy and northern 

 France, in Germany and the British Islands, in Iberian and Aryan statures and 

 complexions are intermingled in endless variety. * >i< * — Atlantic 

 Monthly. 



ASTRONOMY. 



AURORAL PHENOMENA ON THE EVENING OF SEPT. 12, 1881. 



BY E. A. ENGLER, WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, ST. LOUIS. 



As an addition to data from which a more complete knowledge of certain 

 celestial phenomena now unexplained may in future be derived, it may not 

 be out of place to record a description of a peculiar and interesting phenomenon 

 seen by the writer and others at sea off the coast of Newfoundland. 



On September 12th, 1881, after a nine days' voyage on the Atlantic from 

 London towards Halifax, N. S., Cape Race was sighted about noon. Our 

 course after noon was about southwest ; at eight o'clock in the evening (ship's 

 time) our position — estimated roughly by the course and speed of the ship — was 

 Lat. 46° N., Long. 55° W. The sky was partly clear in the north and west and 

 , overhead, but hazy and in places cloudy in the south and east. The aurora was 



