SOME RECENT IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MECHANIC ARTS. 61 



contact with projections on the under side of a cover of a trough fixed to the 

 track, into which the cash-box enters. The box is undamped from the endless 

 cord by a clamping-lever, and a projection on the box bearing against two spring- 

 guides on the under side of the trough cover. Raising the cover of the trough 

 removes the spring-guides and the stops on the trough-cover from the cash-box, 

 which is then engaged with and carried forward by the endless cord. 



COMPRESSING AND COOLING AIR. 



This novel improvement consists in providing the cylinder of an air-compres- 

 sor with two independent water-chambers arranged respectively upon the opposite 

 ends or heads of the cylinder, and through which a current of cold water is con- 

 tinually flowing. A third water-chamber surrounds the body of the cylinder. 

 This latter chamber is divided into two compartments, each of which is supplied 

 with cold water near the ends of the cylinder; but they have a common outlet 

 through an annular passage arranged between them. 



MAKING BREAD BY MACHINERY. 



The bakers' fraternity, realizing the importance of making and baking bread 

 which shall offer serious competition to what is properly called home-made bread, 

 have made quite a number of improvements. It is of importance in bread-mak- 

 ing that the fibre of the dough be as nearly continuous as possible on the outside, 

 so that the loaves may appear white and flaky where they break apart, and also to 

 prevent them from drying out too rapidly. In making bread by hand conformity 

 to these conditions is easy. By the use of ^machinery, however, the dough is 

 cut into loaves by sharp knives, thus leaving the ends and sides without the fib- 

 rous covering, causing them to break badly. By the use of a novel bread-mak- 

 ing machine this difficulty is said to be entirely obviated. This machine presses 

 rather than cuts the dough apart, so that the fibre of the of the grain shall be pre- 

 served continuous. This object is accompHshed by using in the cutting-machine 

 thick knives which are rounded instead of sharp. 



COMBINED MUFF AND LUNCH RECEPTACLE. 



A novel lunch-receptacle and muff consists of two covered receptacles joined 

 at their upper and lower extremities, leaving an intermediate padded space in 

 which the hands are placed. The outside of this combined receptacle and muff 

 is highly finished and ornamented, so as to adapt it foE street wear. 



IMPROVED PIPE- JOINT COUPLING. 



A late improvement consists of a pipe-joint for coupling pipes at any angle 

 with each other. The coupling proper consists of two hemispherical shells fitting 

 each other with an annular overlap joint. Each half shell has a pipe opening 

 suitably screw-threaded, to receive the adjacent ends of the pipes. In order to 

 keep the hemispherical shells in place and steam or water-tight, a central bolt is 

 provided, passng through the shells, when it is desired to set the pipe-joint at a 

 certain angle this bolt is loosened and the shells adjusted, after which the thread- 

 ed bolt is again tightened. 



