TORNADO STUDIES FOR 1882. 79 



8. Any hail, and did it fall before or after (how long) the tornado cloud 

 passed ? 



9. Were the hailstones large or small, of peculiar shape, and few or many 

 in number ? 



10. Did you examine the interior of any of the hailstones, and if so, how 

 were they formed and what did they contain ? 



11. If hail fell at intervals through the day, state the times of beginning and 

 ending of each precipitation separately. 



12. Any rain, and did it fall before or after (how long) the tornado cloud 

 passed ? 



13. Any peculiarity in the size or shape of the rain drops, or in the quantity 

 which fell? 



14. The direction of the wind at the time of the hail, and also at the time 

 of the rain. 



15. If rain fell at intervals through the day, state the times of beginning and 

 ending of each precipitation separately. 



16. What time of day did threatening appearances commence, in what por- 

 tion of the horizon, and at what time were they the most decided ? 



17. Describe the character and motion of the surrounding clouds before, 

 during and after the tornado cloud passed. 



18. Give the time of day at which the light or dark irregular clouds sur- 

 rounding the tornado cloud were in the greatest confusion, and describe the scene. 



19. If you saw the tornado cloud, describe or sketch it, and note particu- 

 larly any change in motion or the successive stages of development during the 

 time of observation. 



20. Give the direction of the whirl of the tornado cloud, as against or with 

 the hands of a watch. 



21. Give all the motions of the tornado cloud which you observed, or which 

 you heard that others had witnessed, as for example : rising and falling, swaying 

 from side to side or whirling about a central axis, etc., etc. 



22. Thunder or lightning, in what portion of the horizon, at what time of 

 the day and whether violent or otherwise. 



23. Was lightning seen in the funnel-shaped tornado cloud, or in the dark, 

 heavy clouds surrounding it to the N. and W ? 



24. Was the day unusually warm and sultry ? Give the maximum temper- 

 ature if possible and state the hour at which it was observed, together with the 

 direction of the wind and the state of the sky existing at the time. 



25. Condition of the temperature after the tornado cloud passed. Did the 

 air suddenly or gradually grow colder ? 



26. What had been about the average daily temperature, together with the 

 accompanying direction of the wind, for eight or ten days previous to the occur- 

 rence of the tornado ? 



