186 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



the tribes and the United States. Messrs. Clark, Edwards and Chouteau were 

 the commissioners for the Government, and the Indians were represented by 

 The-One-Who-Speaks, Jumping Sturgeon, Bad Axe, Bad Weather, Swan-Whose- 

 Wings-Crack-When-He-Flies, and others. No consideration was expressed in 

 the terras of this ratification and none paid except presents to the chiefs who 

 were parties to it. 



The treaty of 1804 and its subsequent ratifications contributed with other 

 causes, to bring on the Black Hawk War. That warrior contending that the chiefs 

 who were parties to it in 1804 had separated from the nation and consequently 

 were without authority to act, and that those who ratified it in 181 6 received no 

 compensation and their assent to it was obtained while they were under the influ- 

 ence of liquor. 



Eight years after this last ratification a party of Sac and Fox chiefs and head 

 men fully deputized to act for and in behalf of their said nations, visited Wash- 

 ington, D. C. , in company with deputations from other tribes and negotiated 

 another treaty with the Government represented by William Clark, Superintend- 

 ent of Indian Affairs. 



Article first stipulated that the Sac and Fox tribes cede, relinquish and forever 

 quit claim unto the United States all right, title, interest and claim to the lands 

 which the said Sac and Fox tribes have or claim without limits in the State of 

 Missouri which are situated lying and being between the Mississippi and Missouri 

 Rivers, and a line running from the Missouri at the entrance of the Kansas River, 

 north one hundred miles to the northwest corner of the State of Missouri, and 

 from thence east to the Mississippi. 



This conveyance it will be seen includes all the territory of the present State 

 of Missouri, north of the Missouri River, and the Government agreed to pay as a 

 consideration fifteen hundred dollars in cash, and one thousand dollars for ten 

 years. Among the chiefs who were parties to this treaty were All Fish, Crouch- 

 ing Eagle, Wrathful Fox, Rising Cloud and White Nosed Fox. 



This treaty ended the dealmgs of the Government with the Sacs and Foxes 

 for Missouri territory, and when we consider the slight claims they had to the 

 country conveyed, we cannot help concluding that the consideration paid was more 

 in the nature of a bribe to induce good behavior than for value received. These 

 Indians were interlopers on any territory west of the Mississippi, they being of 

 Algonquin stock and had made their home for centuries about the great lakes. 

 When first known to the whites their home was near Lake Erie on the Canada side. 

 About the year 1650 they moved west and located near Lake Michigan, finally 

 settling on Fox River and its tributaries in Wisconsin, where they remained for a 

 century and a half. Here they were found in 1670 by Father Allonez, the Jesuit 

 missionary, who says in his relation of that year, "The i6th day of April I embark, 

 ed to go and commence the mission of the Outagamies (Foxes) a people well 

 known in all these parts. The 17th we went up the river St. Francis, and after 

 having advanced four leagues we found the village of the Indians named Saky 

 (Sacs). The 20th we arrived in a river that came from a lake of wild rice which 



