356 KANSAS CITY REV JEW OF SCIENCE. 



archasomaniacs, ransacking the earth and wasting fortunes merely to satisfy a. 

 morbid desire for collecting. The work was, however, by a few done well. 

 Time has dealt rudely with ancient man and his works. In the study of archae- 

 ology, anthropology is involved. The anthropology of the present commences 

 with the study of man as a member of the animal kingdom. It is only since the 

 publication of Mr. Darwin's Origin of Species that diligent inquiries have been 

 made into the method of man's origination. We must measure, weigh, scrutinize, 

 dissect men ere we can arrive at any safe deductions regarding their animal na- 

 ture. Then, we consider the science of mind. The observation of human 

 thought, the careful collection of facts gathered from all races and ranks of men, 

 are essential to a wide psychology. The consideration of language, the instru- 

 ment of precision by which thought is gauged, the vehicle of thought between 

 mind and mind. The process of thinking is double, consisting first in the crea- 

 tion of thought and second in the expression, expenditure, transfer, commerce of 

 ideas and judgments. The expression and interchange of thought has been the 

 subject of curiosity and research. The science of chronology, the indiscrimina- 

 tion of these characteristics which form the natural barriers between kindreds, 

 tongues, peoples and nationalities. 



Out of these studies of race, religion, etc., are to come forth the laws which 

 are of the profoundest importance to the statesman and philanthropist. On this 

 subject of race Lord Beaconsfield was ever dwelling. The sentence in Endy- 

 mion, which declares that language and religion do not make race is fine writing, 

 but not good ethnology. The next department for consideration is human in- 

 dustry. The happiness of man seems linked with the most perfect conquest of 

 nature. Then we come to the study of the fundamental laws of the various oc- 

 cupations of men, how they grow, relate themselves to races, times and areas. 

 After this, sociology. Companionship is the necessary condition of civilization, 

 co-operation is the constant factor in this variable equation. To properly classify 

 the phenomena of the family, the community, the state, it is necessary that the 

 children should be impartially scrutinized and described. Finally, we are brought 

 face to face with the spirit world, leading us to consider the conceptions of different 

 peoples regarding the unseen causes of phenomena, the organization of society, 

 the acts and ceremonies growing out of the ideas and social classes, the symbols 

 and implements of worship. A science in which every human being is a constit- 

 uent element will continue to take a deeper hold upon the intelligence of thought- 

 ful people. It will be a sufficient reward for this humble undertaking if it adds 

 anything whatever towards a just, and comprehensive view of anthropology as 

 a whole, and of the varied studies which enter into its prosecution. 



The Chairman suggested the application of the word theology to the science 

 of religion as regarded by anthropologists, but Mr. Mason replied that the word 

 was already too much occupied. After some remarks by Mr. C. Roosvelt, of 

 New York, Mrs. Erminnie Smith, of Jersey City, N. J., defended the conduct 

 of those so called archseomaniacs, who, she thought, had been somewhat 



