ORIGIN OF MATTER AND THE INDESTRUCTIBILTY OF MIND. 443 



that a number of foot prints, such as a giant man would make, if shod with thick- 

 soled moccasins or sandals, have been found. There are six series of them, the foot- 

 prints numbering from eight to seventeen inches in each. The size of the sandal 

 is as follows : nineteen inches in length, eight inches broad at the ball, six inches 

 at the heel, having a length of stride two feet three inches. The distance be- 

 tween the feet, or straddle, is eighteen inches. Most of them have straight- 

 pointed toes, supposed to distinguish the white man of to-day. In no case is the 

 naked foot distinctly shown. In all the tracks the toes turn outward. 



This discovery, with that of the Calaveras skull, will, no doubt, be seized 

 upon as direct proof that man existed in the Tertiary, as early as the Miocene. 

 From these papers it appears that several quite distinct tracks of deer are to be 

 seen, some which resemble those of a wolf, and abundant tracks of wading 

 birds, which do not differ from those of the same class now living. The rock 

 above the tracks is fifteen feet in height, and gives evidence of having been at 

 one time the shore of a local or isolated lake. Its level is above that of Lake La 

 Hontan, which itself is, as is well known, an ancient basin, now empty, but was, 

 in the Pliocene age, the bed of a great lake or fresh-water sea. These tracks 

 antedate the present river-system of the Sierras, and must be very old. It seems 

 to be uncertain whether the rock belonged to the Quarternary or Tertiary, but it 

 is more uncertain whether they are human foot-prints or not. Papers were read 

 before the CaHfornia Academy of Science by Dr. Harkness and Mr. Gibbs, both 

 of whom seemed to think that the tracks are doubtless human. — American Anti- 

 quarian. 



PHILOSOPHY. 



THE ORIGIN OF MATTER AND THE INDESTRUCTIBILITY OF 



MIND. 



WILLIAM STEVENS. 



At present there are and have been for innumerable cycles of ages two 

 great forces in the Universe. One Superior, the great moral force self-existent 

 and eternal, and the Inferior, physical force emanating from the great moral force- 

 All the mental and moral powers in the Universe have had their origin in this 

 great moral force, and are governed, directed and controlled by that great force, 

 while the physical forces are rules of action or laws of matter also, an emanation 

 from the great moral force and to which their author set bounds at their origin 

 for the production, government, direction and control of matter throughout the 

 universe ; nor does either act except in its appropriate sphere and each as dis- 

 tinct during all these long ages as if the other did not exist. To say the physical 

 forces were not perfect and would need revision or supervision would be to im- 



