WHAT STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS HAVE ACCOMPLISHED. 671 



gives full directions for the manufacturing of beers, spirits, wines, liquors, etc., 

 and will be found convenient and useful to all, and indispensable to many, who 

 are interested in the manufacture and sale of alcohol and its compounds. The 

 next volume will be devoted to bleaching, dyeing and kindred subjects. 



OTHER PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. 



Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, Vol. I, November, 

 1880, to May, 1882. Industrial Art in Schools, by Chas, G. Leland, of Phila- 

 delphia, being No. 6 of the Circulars of Information issued by the Bureau of 

 Education. Humboldt Library, No. 41, Discussions in Current Science, by W. 

 Mattieu Williams, F. R. A. S., F. C. S., 15c. The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign 

 Literature, February, 1883, E. R. Pelton, Publisher, N. Y., Monthly, $5.00 per 

 annum. Report on the Development of the Resources of Colorado for 1881-2, 

 J. Alden Smith, State Geologist, 35c. The Forestry of the Mississippi Valley, 

 Preliminary Report, by Hon. F. P. Baker, Topeka. 



SCIENTIFIC MISCELL. 



WHAT STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS HAVE ACCOMPLISHED. 



As a kind of appendix to Professor Trowbridge's article on the Missouri 

 Geological Survey, in this number of the Review, we have compiled a few items 

 showing practically the results of such work in a few States. 



The Missouri Geological Survey defined the boundaries of our coal fields, 

 showing them to include three principal divisions, the Upper, the Middle and 

 the Lower. The upper is barren ; the lower productive and their limits are ap- 

 proximately laid down on the map. The map of coal fields with Report of 1872 

 gives the line between the upper, the lower and the middle measures. Only the 

 geological surveys have accomplished this, for previously nothing was known. 



Black slate is generally associated with coal. But there are also beds of 

 black slate which do not belong to the coal formations. Such beds exist in New 

 York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and most of the Ohio Valley States and Missouri in a 

 limited degree. 



The Ohio survey saved thousands to the State by showing that these slates 

 did not belong to the coal formation. 



We have seen similar slates in Ralls County, Missouri, and have been where 

 two shafts had been sunk upon them in search of coal. If a geologist had been 

 previously consulted this expense could have been saved. 



Ten or fifteen years ago Henry Engelmann, assistant Geologist of Illinois, 



