706 KANSAS CITY HE VIEW OF SCIENCE. 



ox parastades, which in later Hellenic temples fulfilled only a technical purpose, 

 served here as an important element of construction, for they were intended to 

 protect the wall ends and to render them capable of supporting the ponderous 

 weight of the super-incumbent crossbeams and the terrace. We found similar 

 primitive antce in tw© other edifices, and at the lateral walls of the northwestern 

 gate. 



We also found that the great wall of the ancient Acropolis has been built of 

 unbaked bricks, and had been baked like the temple walls, in situ. I lay stress 

 on the fact that a similar process of baking entire walls has never yet been dis- 

 covered, and that the antce in the Hellenic temples are nothing else than reminis- 

 cences of the wooden ant(& of old, which were of important constructive use. 

 We discovered in the Acropolis of the second city three large gates, all of which 

 led down to the lower city. Homer knew of only one gate at Troy (the Scsean, 

 sometimes also called the Dardanian Gate), but this gate was on the we^t side of 

 the lower city ; the gates of the Pergamus are never mentioned in the poems. 

 The three prehistoric settlements which succeed each other in the calcined ruins 

 of the Acropolis were poor and insignificant, and none of them extended beyond 

 the hill of Hissarlik. The ruins of the lower city, therefore, remained deserted 

 for ages, the bricks crumbled away, and the stones of the walls served the new 

 settlers of Hissarlik for building their houses, or, as the legend ran (see Strabo, 

 xiii, 599), they were used for building the walls of Sigeum. 



The Site was in later times occupied by the ^olic Ilium, which stood for 

 more than 1,000 years, but nevertheless the traces of the ancient burnt city have 

 not been obliterated; the huge masses of prehistoric pottery, perfectly identical 

 with, that of the second city on the Pergamus, which were found in the extensive 

 excavations made by me on the lower plateau, testify to its existence on the spot. 

 Its existence seems further to be proved by the vertical wall represented in 

 "Ilios," p. 24, N. 2 B., as well as by the three gates, and above all by the 

 ground plan and the number of loose edifices in the Pergamus. I have now ex- 

 cavated the latter entirely, and for this reason alone the excavations at Troy 

 must be considered as terminated forever. I have also excavated seven more of 

 the conical tumuli, called heroic tombs, and have thoroughly explored the an- 

 cient city on the heights of Bunarbashi, as well as the sites of four other ancient 

 towns. 



A full account of this, my last Trojan campaign, with excellent plans and 

 about 200 engravings of the most curious finds, will be published by Mr. John 

 Murray. 



Henry Schliemann. 



