20 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 
from the Dardanelles, of works of art found in deposits said to be of Miocene age. 
The descriptions* prove that it was not given on the authority of one competent 
to judge in such a case, and it never has been confirmed. 
In beds said to be Miocene; at Thenay, near Pontleroy, the Abbé Bourgeois 
found flints which he supposed were dressed by man. ‘These flints are now 
exhibited in the Museum at St. Germain, where I saw them with Sir Charles 
Lyell several years ago, and again with others since. Some of them seemed 
entirely natural, common forms, such as we find over the surface everywhere, 
broken by all the various accidents of heat and frost and blows. A few seemed 
as if they might have been man’s handiwork—cores from which he had struck 
off flakes such as we know were used by early man, of which I show examples. 
Yet this is not quite clear, for, had the evidence been good that they were found 
in place, there still would have been a doubt whether they were man’s work. But 
when we came to inquire about the evidence that they occurred in beds of Mio- 
cene age, we learned that only those that we put down as natural were found by 
the Abbé himself; the others were brought in by workmen, picked up, we may 
suppose, upon the heaps turned over by their spades, and so perhaps, just dropped 
down from the surface. 
Next in the Crag the teeth of sharks, bored through, as if for wear, were 
found, } part of a string of ornaments such as are commonly worn by savages. Of 
these I give examples: one a boar’s tusk, from the lake dwellings of Switzerland ; 
another, a tooth from a deposit of palzolithic age, in a cave just above the mirac- 
alous grotto of Lourdes in the Pyrenees. I have examined fragments of bone and 
teeth [from the Crag] of various sizes and shapes, and found them marked over 
the surface with many a pit or deeper hole, or even perforation irregularly placed, 
not as if by design, but by accident. ‘There they were in every stage, all over, 
yet of one type. One sawn across explains the whole. The chamber of a shell 
which bores its way into the solid rock. or softer shale was clearly shown. When 
the mass lay embedded in the mud it was but touched here and there. If it was 
thin the animal bored through into the sand or clay below, piercing the tooth 
quite through—a perfectly well-turned and finished work, so good it was thought 
to be man’s. But if the mass was thick and near the surface, the little mollusk 
made a home entirely within it, and its shell often remains there, and reveals the 
_ history and manner of formation of the holes. 
An account has also been given by the Abbé Bourgeois of flints from Pliocene 
beds at St. Prest, near to Chartres, said to be worked by man, but this we may 
dismiss on the same ground as those before referred to given on the same 
authority. { 
Another case brought forward from abroad but recently, has found as much 
favor here as there. Around the Lake of Zurich there are left traces of ancient 
lakes at somewhat higher levels. A bed of clay below with glacial stones, a bed 
*Journ. Anthrop Inst., vol. iii, p. 127, April, 1873. 
fJourn. Anthrop. Inst., vol. ii, p. 91 April, 1872. 
Bourgeois, Congr. Inter. d’Anthrop., 1867, p. 67. 
?@Rutimeyer, Archiy. fur Anthropologie, 1875; Heer, Primzval World of Switzerland. 
