90 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 
found at a greater depth in those deeper valleys, remains to be determined by 
farther developments. If, however, they rest upon the Drift, as those here 
described do, and it is most likely that such is the case, the only difference would 
seem to be in the thickness of the covering over them, which would naturally fol- 
low from the differences in elevation when the deposit was accumulating, z. ¢., if the 
lake water was four feet at the Moulton brick-yard and thirty feet at Ellsworth, 
supposing remains on the surface at each place when the deposit began, those at 
Ellsworth might be covered to a depth of thirty feet, while those at the Moulton 
brick-yard would only be covered four feet. Such remains might belong to the 
same race, if we suppose an occupancy prior to the submergence of the country. 
It would require months of patien: investigation to bring into order the facts 
connected with this very interesting and mysterious race, and I regret that I have 
not the means to prosecute the work; but hope some one more fortunate will 
do so. 
The Glacial drift underlying the clay at the Moulton brick-yard is well 
marked and not to be mistaken. 
The day devoted to these investigations proved to be tempestuous and rainy, 
but, by the kindness of my young friend’s father,,who placed a splendid team and 
wagon at our disposal, we braved the ‘‘tempest and the storm” and accom- 
plished a good day’s work. We visited several cellars, the Moulton brick-yard, 
some cuts on the M. & M. P. R. R., and took in mounds by the score. 
The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad deserves great credit for the 
interest it has manifested in developing the beautiful country lying along its line, 
and the facilities it has generously afforded scientific explorations in Kansas, and 
merits the thanks of this Academy. 
GHOLOGY AND MINE RAEOGY: 
GEOLOGY AND EVOLUTION.* 
BY THE LATE PROF. B. F. MUDGE. 
CHAPTER I.—LAWS OF EVOLUTION. SILURIAN FOSSILS. 
The doctrine of evolution is by means new. It is found in the oldest writ- 
ings of antiquity, and appears to have secured a few believers in all ages. But it 
is only within the last hundred years that it has assumed a scientific garb. La- 
* NoTE.—We present in this number of the REviEw the introductory chapter of a series of articles written 
by the late Prof. Mudge on Geology and Evolution. Chapters IV and V of thisseries have already appeared in 
the REvIEw under the head of Botany and Evolution. While it is to be expected that many of the conclusions 
and deductions from his train of argument will be denied and objected to by the opponents of Evolution, these 
are nevertheless a valuable contribution to the literature of the subject, by one of the best observers of our 
day, and one who has had many opportunities of investigating this theory in connection with his favorite 
sciences—Geology and Paleontology. The articles are just as they came from his pen, with the exception of 
the necessary correction ofa few obvious errors.—L. 
