176 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 
FOSSILS IN COLORADO. 
In the ‘‘ Bad Lands” of Colorado over seventy new species of fossils have 
been discovered. They range in size from a mole to nearly that of an elephant. 
One of the largest species had a huge horn over each eye, while another had one 
on each side of the nose, and more than a foot in length resembling those on the 
back part of the head of the ox. A third one, a larger size than the last, had 
rudimental horns on the nose. Still another was about as large as the elephant. 
Its cheek bones were enormously expanded, and its horns were flat. <A fifth 
species had triangular horns, turned upward. ‘The most remarkable monsters 
of the past, whose existence has been disclosed by the present survey, are a 
series of horned species related to the rhinoceros, but possessing some features 
in which, according to Prof. Cope, they resembled the elephant. They stood 
high on the legs and had feet, but possessed osseous hornsin pairs on different 
parts of the head. 
THE MAMMOTH CAVE OF MEXICO. 
REV. F. L. LEWIS, BOLIVAR, MO. 
On the authority of the Scentific American the cave of Cacahuamilpa in 
Mexico is the largest in the world. P. C. Bliss, who has twice explored it, 
describes it as being covered with a volcanic mountain, with an extinct crater. 
He, with a large party provided with the best lights and scientific implements 
the country afforded, made a partial exploration of this wonderful cave. After 
descending about fifty feet they reached the floor and proceeded nearly four 
miles. ‘‘The roof was so high—a succession of halls—that rockets often 
exploded before striking it. Labyrinthine passages leave the main hall in every 
direction. Stalagmites and stalactites are abundant. Below this cave, at its 
greatest depth, are two immense caves, from each of which issues a branch of a 
great river. This isin many respects the most wonderful cave in the world. 
About the only living creature mentioned by any explorers of this cave is the | 
bat, which is numerous. 
As a striking instance of the vast beneficial results which sometimes spring | 
from the working of one capable and active brain, it is stated that by the Bes- 
semer steel invention, the saving to England alone in the wear of rails has been | 
$5,500,000 per annum. ‘The saving is expected to be $20,000,000 annually 
when all iron rails are changed for steel. 
