ANCIENT MAN IN MISSOURI. 327 
even thus constituting in time the four present species of anthropomorphous apes. 
We can also here remark that the flints of Thénay do not seem to have been 
fashioned for any special service or destination; they, perhaps, may have been 
split out by the action of fire, or accidentally, but thanks to this accidental 
formation, those who used them in their rough state were led little by little to 
fashion them into shape intentionally. 
There are numerous instances that prove that monkeys nowadays know how 
to use pebbles and sticks. ‘The most curious trait that we know, is related by 
Darwin of a monkey who used the same stone to break filberts constantly ; and 
that he kept it hid in the straw. 
After that we have not been at all surprised when we saw that M. Gaudry 
in a recent work declared that the most natural idea that presented itself to his 
mind was, that the flint tools of Thénay had been fashioned (taillés) or chipped, 
by the ancient Dryopithecus, this being exactly the big anthropomorphous 
ape discovered by Foutan, at St. Gaudens in France, and described by Mr. Ed. 
Lartet. ? 
Unhappily we, as yet, possess only a lower jaw and a humerus. From an 
examination of these fragments, M. Gaudry concluded that he resembled man by 
several peculiarities. First by its size, which is very important, then by its in- 
cisors, and also by the rounded form of the rear molar protuberances, very simi- 
lar to the molar teeth of Australians. But the size of the pre-molars and canines 
naturally produced extreme prognathism, or large advance of the face. This 
mark of inferiority, however, does not appear very striking, but we are much 
impressed with the general human aspect of the jaw, which M. Gaudry gives in 
a full sketch, which appearance is due not only to the broken canine, but to the 
contour of the chin, which, instead of giving a re-entering angle like apes, is 
almost straight, or like the human jaw from La Nanlette. M.Gaudry, however, 
does not notice this peculiarity. 
We think it is sufficient at this time to pronounce it as certain that the human 
species, properly so called, did not exist in the Miocene epoch. Did it then exist 
in the Pliocene epoch? We can doubt this at least for the older Pliocene. 
ANCIENT MAN IN MISSOURI. 
The finding of numerous relics of a buried race, on an ancient horizon, from 
twenty to thirty feet below the present level of country in Missouri and Kansas, 
was noted in this paper a few months ago. The St. Louis Republican gives par- 
ticulars of another find of an unmistakable character made last spring in Franklin 
county, Missouri, by Dr. R. W. Booth, who was engaged in iron mining about 
three miles from Dry Branch, a station on the St. Louis and Santa Fe railroad. 
At a depth of eighteen feet below the surface the miners uncovered a human 
skull, with portions of the ribs, vertebral column, and collar bone. With them 
