THE MASTODON. 521 
Dr. Koch states that, at one time, he had six hundred teeth of mastodon, all 
found in Missouri, and nearly an entire skeleton was obtained from Benton county, 
which was afterward sold to the British museum. This he called the ‘‘Missourium.” 
It is the Mastodon Americanus (giganteus). Its extreme length was 20 feet 2 inches; 
height, 9 feet 634 inches; length of cranium, 3% feet; its vertical dimensions 4 
feet, width 2 feet 11 inches; width of pelvis, 5 feet 8 inches; extreme length of 
tusks 7 feet 2 inches, projection of same 5 feet 2 inches, circumference at base, 
27 inches. 
On the Osage and its tributaries are extensive deposits of clay resting on sand 
and gravel; at the bottom of the clay there are occasionally found remains of ex- 
tinct mammalia, the mastodon, horse, ox, etc. On the Marais des Cygnes, at 
Papinville, we find these beds as follows, counting from top: 
1.—30 feet 10 inches yellow clay ; 
2.—4 inches blue clay and gravel; 
3.—5 feet sand and gravel, the latter sometimes partially cemented together. 
At Burnett's ferry, Bates county, we find— 
1.—10o feet sandy clay ; 
2.—Io feet blue clay with pebbles. 
In the gravel beds at Papinville, a tooth of an extinct species of horse was 
found, together with fresh water shells. On the river bluff near by, a mastodon 
tusk 7 feet 4 inches long was found in the gravel. 
Mr. H. H. West discovered, in the Loess of Kansas City, a portion of the 
tusk of a mastodon, an account of which he published in the Review. This 
may have drifted from deposits a little older, or more probably washed into the 
Loess lake from the adjacent shore. 
Mr. J. C, Evans obtained a large tooth of a mastodon from Line creek, Platte 
county. This was probably washed out from the’ later glacial clay. 
A mastodon tooth has also been obtained in Caldwell county. 
The Kansas City Review for March, 1880, gives an account by Dr. Ballard 
of the discovery of mastodon remains in the Eastern part of Jackson county. Dr. 
B. gives the size of tusk as r4 inches in diameter(!)—from imprint in clay—and 
12 feet long. ‘This is of greater dimensions than any I have ever seen or heard 
of before. 
The above are notices of such remains that I know of having been found in 
Missouri. We will now speak of mastodon remains in other states. 
In the Revikw for September, 1877, is a brief notice? of remains on 
Bijou creek, in Colorado. Only leg bones were obtained, but were of large 
' dimensions, measuring 29% inches in circumference at upper end. 
Remains have been found at several places in Kansas, chiefly in valley of 
_ Marais des Cygnes, some in Miami county, and some in Franklin county. Other 
- bones have been found near Emporia. 
Prof. Woodman exhumed a mastodon at Melton, Iowa, twenty-five miles 
_ west of Davenport, from the bank of a stream, in an excellent state of preserva- 
tion. It indicated a height of fourteen feet. 
