EXTRACTS AND NOTES FROM AN OLD BOOK. 565 
are termed the Wawpeentowahs, the Tintons, the Arahcootans, the Mawhaws, 
and the Schians. The other three are the Schianese, the Chongonsceton, and 
the Waddapawijestin, and they dwell higher up to the west of the River St. Pierre, 
on unbounded plains. The Nandowessies, united, consist of over 2000 warriors. 
Some of them drew plans of countries, with a piece of charcoal, upon the inside 
of the birch tree bank. He says, never did he travel in so cheerful and happy a com- 
pany. Carver states that on a branch of St. Pierre’s river, called Marble river, is 
a mountain from which the Indians get a sort of red stone, out of which they 
make the bowls of their pipes. A white clay also abounds, suitable for pottery, 
and a blue clay that the Indians use for paint. The latter they mix with the red 
stone and paint themselves of different colors. 
The Chippeways, he speaks of as being the nastiest people he ever saw, and 
speaks of a custom, named by others, of searching each other’s heads and eating 
the prey there found. 
Carver particularly describes the lakes and streams west of Lake Superior. 
Lake Winnepeg he spells Winnepeek, and the Missouri river he speaks of as the 
Messorie. He relates that it is said that in the country of the Pawnees and Man- 
drakes are found a species of root resembling human beings of both sexes! He 
also states that a little to the northwest of the head of the Messorie (Missouri) and 
St. Pierre (St. Peters) the Indians told him that there was a nation smaller and 
whiter than the neighboring tribes, who cultivated the ground. 
He speaks of the Shining Mountains far West, probably the Rocky Mountains, 
and the natives there have plenty of gold. Further on he speaks prophetically of 
these mountains, of which time has proved much, and says, ‘‘ These mountains 
are more than 3000 miles long. Probably in future ages they may be found to 
contain more riches in their bowels than those of Industan, Malabar, or are pro- 
duced from the golden coast of Guinea, nor will I except even the Peruvian mines. 
West of these mountains future generations may find an asylum, whether driven 
from their country by the ravages of lawless tyrants, or by religious persecutions, 
or reluctantly leaving to remedy the inconveniences arising from a superabundant 
increase of inhabitants.” 
Carver mentions aremarkable phenomenon connected with the straits of Mich- 
illimackinack. ‘‘In seven and a half years they rise three feet, and the next 
seven and a half years they decrease three feet.” He had no opportunity to 
prove it, but something was taking place. 
_ The book contains additional information concerning the origin, customs, 
etc., of the Indians of the Northwest; also botanical and geological information, 
all interesting. (Ge (18, 
