642 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 
dollars. She has passed a law creating institutes for the normal training of 
teachers in every county—a feature already yielding good results, which has 
attracted the attention of educators from other States. She is the first of all the 
states to put prohibition in the state constitution, making temperance the organic 
law of the land. Kansas cannot afford to lose her leadership among the states 
in the onward progress of ideas. New York has spent half a million dollars on 
her scientific survey, and has become known as classic ground throughout the 
scientific world. The thorough development of the coal fields of Kansas would 
pay the State the entire cost of a geological survey many times. ‘There are vast 
deposits of lead and zinc in the southeastern part of the State which need 
to be explored thoroughly. No other State has such wonderful beds of gypsum 
as Kansas which occur in those portions of the State where it is needed. The 
strata lie like the leaves of a book laid on its side which is shaved off from its upper 
northwest corner to its under southeast corner. Over the edges of these out- 
cropping rocks pour the rivers of the State with rapid flow in an eastern or south- 
eastern direction. Here is a vast system of rivers whose capacity for hydraulic 
power is almost unlimited, and yet no engineering skill has revealed the latent 
forces which nature designed to be employed by man. With immense cotton 
fields on the South, mountains of iron on the Southeast, and unlimited deposits of 
precious ores on the West, with thousands of square miles of coal and an almost 
unlimited hydraulic power from rapidly flowing rivers, it would be a shame for 
Kansas very much longer toimport her cotton fabrics from New England, much 
of her railroad iron from Pennsylvania, and her agricultural implements from 
other more enterprising communities. Several counties in the western portion of 
the State would be benefited vastly by a system of irrigation which a State survey 
could easily devise. ‘lhe comparative excellence of the immense beds of lime- 
stone and freestone should be accurately determined. A careful analysis of soils 
in various portions of the State would not be without its benefits to the farmer. 
Kansas is a paradise for scientific explorers and she cannot afford to wait and let 
her finest fossils be carried off to enrich the cabinets of eastern institutions of 
learning. The bare freight on vertebrates alone sent to Yale College from Kansas 
and Colorado has amounted to as much as a thousand dollars a year. There is 
considerable probability that artesian wells would flow from the eastern dipping 
strata in the western portion of the State, where they are so much needed. Our 
knowledge of the rainfall of the State needs to be based on wider observations. 
If a proper proportion of Kansas were planted in forests, which the fostering 
hand of the State can accomplish, she would be for agricultural purposes the best, 
and soon the richest State inthe Union. Her three greatest enemies would be 
subdued which now triumph over her more or less one after another from year to 
year. The State would not be subject to drouth, the grasshopper would cease to 
be a burden, and destructive winds would be driven into the upper regions of the 
atmosphere, and thus, as in all forest countries, pass over the State. The power 
of the terrible tornado would also be broken. A scientific survey for Kansas, 
