QUATEENAUT FAUNA OF GIBEALTAK. 59 



feline species, one of which was probably the Felis caligata of Egypt and Abyssinia, 

 together with a large species of Bear, apparently intermediate between U.ferox or 

 prisciis and U. arctos, which there is reason to believe at that period also abounded in 

 the opposite regions of Africa '. 



2. That while some of these species, as the Elephant and Ehinoceros, are now 

 wholly extinct, and known only by fossilized remains of the Pleistocene epoch, others, 

 as the Spotted Hyaena, now only exist in the widely distant regions of Southern and 

 Western Africa, being wholly unknown in the northern parts of the continent. 



3. That some, again, as the Leopard and Booted Cat, are now no longer found in 

 the European area ; whilst others, as the Southern Lynx and Spanish Ibex, are still 

 frequent in the mountainous regions of the Iberian peninsula. 



4. That the entire fauna exhibits purely African affinities. 



5. That the occurrence oi Elephas antiquus-. Rhinoceros hemitoechus, Hycena crocuta, 

 Felis pardus, F. caligata sen caffra, &c., at this remote southern point of Europe, 

 unmixed with species of northern origin, ser^'es strongly to indicate that those species 

 made their way (in part at least) to the more northern regions, where theu' remains 

 occur in Pleistocene deposits, through the isthmus at one time connecting Europe and 

 Africa at the present Straits of Gibraltar. 



II. General Resiarks on the Mammalian Eemains. 



The Mammals whose remains alone constitute the subject of this paper belong to 

 the following genera : — 



I. Carnivora. 



1. TJrsus. 2. Hycena. 3. Felis. 4. Ganis. 



II. Perissodacttla. 



5. Equus. 6. Rhinoceros. 



III. Artiodactyla. 

 A. Euminantia. 



7. Cervus. 8. Capra. 9. Bos. 



B. Non-Euminantia. 

 10. Sus. 



IV. EODENTLA. 



11. Lepus. 



V. Proboscidea. 



12. Elephas. 



' On this point, vide Cuv. I. c. torn. vii. p. 200. 



' Can this be the Elephant that, according to Pliny, at one time abounded on the Atlas range ? 



