g2 ME. G. BUSK ON THE ANCIENT OR 



F. horealis (pars), Temminck, Thuuberg. 



Lyneus boreaJis, Gray. 



L. hqjuUnus, Gray. 



These various forms appear to differ from each other merely in certain details 

 of coloration and size ; and I have been unable to find any mention of more important 

 dental or osteological characters, which, in a palaeontological point of view, at any 

 rate, are alone available. 



The range of this Lynx appears to be very extensive, reaching from the northern 

 shores of Siberia, throughout the whole of Europe, to the southernmost part of Italy, 

 and from the Caucasus to the extreme west, where its remains show that it was also a 

 member of the quaternary fauna ^ 



But, with this very extensive distribution, no evidence at present exists of the occur- 

 rence of F. lynx south of the Pyrenees, although it is said to have been killed in that 

 range of mountains in 1833. In the south of Spain, at any rate, and in Portugal north 

 of Lisbon, it is replaced by a distinct and somewhat smaller form, which in some parts 

 even appears to be tolerably abundant. There is furthermore evidence of its having 

 inhabited the peninsula at a very remote period, its remains, to judge from the figure 

 of a lower jaw, having been discovered by M. Delgado ^ in the " Casa de Moura." 



It is to this second European Lynx that the remains of a species of Felis considerably 

 less than the Leopard found in the Genista Cave appear to belong. 



They consist of a considerable part of the maxillaries of one individual and a portion 

 of the right maxillary of a second, together with a large part of the lower jaw, the distal 

 extremity of the left humerus, the proximal end of a corresponding ulna, and the distal 

 end of a tibia. 



One of the maxillary specimens is represented in Plate III. fig. 3, a, I, c, d, e. It 

 consists of the nearly entire left maxillary with aU the teeth and the lower or malar 

 portion of the orbital border. The two molar teeth ( pm. 3 and pm. 4 ) are quite perfect ; 

 but the canine is broken off close to the alveolus. On the right side only a small 

 portion of the maxillary remains, containing the perfect canine ; of the incisors four 

 remain entire ^, and the two central alveoli are filled with stalagmite. There is no 

 vestige whatever in either specimen of the anterior premolar (pm. 2) . 



The canine (fig. 3, c) shows two deeply defined grooves on the outer and hinder 



' A jaw undistinguishable from that of F. hjiix was discovered by Dr. Ransome in a fissure of the Magnesian 

 Limestone at Pleasley Vale in Derbyshire, associated with bones of the Wolf, Pox, Roedeer, Vole, &c. (Brit. 

 Assoc. Report of Sections, 1866, p. 16). It has been described and figured by Messrs. Boyd Dawkins and 

 Sanford (Brit. Pleistocene Mammals, part iii. p. 172, 1868), who remark that the geological age of this relic 

 cannot be determined with absolute certainty, though they think it may probably belong to the Post- 

 glacial period. 



■' Commissao geologica de Portugal. Estudos Geologicos — Primeiro Opuscule — Noticia acerca das Grutaa da 

 Cesareda, p. 92, pi. ii. figs. 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 1867. 



' Two have unfortunately been recently broken off. 



