QUATERNAET FAUNA OF GIBEALTAE. 87 



process in front, or very nearly so. In the pattern of the teeth the median cusp of 

 pm. 2 is thicker in the Gibraltar specimen, though the tooth is of exactly the same 

 length at the base. In neither is there any distinct trace of a hinder cusp or even of the 

 anterior, though there has probably been a small one in both. They both differ altogether 

 from Chaus servalinus (133 «, B. M.) from Senegal, in vs^hich the teeth are not only 

 much larger, but the pm. 3 and pm. 4 have a large anterior and two small hinder 

 cusps, as in most of the Felidse. 



In Chaus libi/cns (1172 5, B. M.), whose mandible is of the same size, the coronoid 

 process is less reclined, and the teeth, except pm. 3, longer, with a much more strongly 

 marked cingulum behind. 



Another strong point of resemblance between the Cape and the Gibraltar specimens 

 consists in the configua-ation of the masseteric fossa, which is very deep, and has sn 

 abrupt narrow elevated ridge bounding it below ; whilst in Chaus libycus the fossa is 

 much shallower, and the ridge less elevated. In the Cape and Gibraltar jaws the 

 "crochet "is much incurved, but scarcely at all so in Chaus libycus. The distance 

 also from the lower border of the " crochet " to the under surface of the condyle is 

 the same in the Cape and Gibraltar specimens, and considerably greater than in Ch. 

 libycus. There can be no doubt, therefore, that the Gibraltar and Cape species are one 

 and the same ; nor can there, I think, be any doubt that the Indian form named Chaus 

 libycus in the British-Museum Catalogue is distinct. 



The parietal width in C. libycus is l"-9 ; in C. caffer l"-95, or nearly the same; so 

 that the animals are probably of nearly equal bulk. But the orbit in C. caffer is 2"- 3 

 in its vertical diameter, and that of C. libycus only l"-9. The bony orbit is almost 

 complete in C. caffer, and much less complete in C. libycus, in which also the infra- 

 orbital foramen is smaller and more elliptical, and larger and rounder in C. caffer. In 

 Chaus caffer, again, the nasals are equal with the maxillaries, whilst in C. libycus they 

 exceed the maxillaries, as in the Lion. In C. libycus the lacrymo-maxillary suture is in 

 front of the edge of the orbit, and in C. caffer coincident with or rather behind it. 



In the narrowness and recliaation of the coronoid process the Gibraltar jaw re- 

 sembles (among the species above named), besides F. bubastes, F. maniculata and 

 Felis catus ferus, and, it may be added, the Domestic Cat also ; but it is distinguished 

 from the three latter, not only by its greater size, but also by the far greater thinness 

 of the inferior boundary of the masseteric fossa ; and from F. maniculata by the less 

 abrupt or defined termination of the fossa anteriorly. In F. maniculata also the 

 " crochet " does not project so far backwards, though this may probably be an uncertain 



character. 



From these considerations there appears to be every reason for believing that the 

 smaller fossil Cat of Gibraltar is F. caligata, a species which appears to have a veiy 

 extensive range from one end of Africa to the other, and to have formed one of the 

 three feline species which were regarded as sacred by the ancient Egyptians, and were 



