QUATEENAET PAHNA OF GIBRALTAE. 89 



consists of the empty pit of the small caducous first, and the three following milk- 

 molars in full wear, together with the first true molar in germ imbedded in the jaw. In 

 the dimensions and pattern of the teeth, and the other characters of this specimen, it will 

 be seen to exhibit nothing to distinguish it from the corresponding parts of an ordinary 

 colt or filly. 



The specimen, which bears no marks of gnawing, was procured from beneath two 

 thick floors of stalagmite ; and it was imbedded in a hard calcareous ochreous matrix, 

 from which it had to be chiselled out. 



Two other maxillary fragments, each containing two milk-molars, were found at a 

 greater depth. And besides these, two other detached milk-molars, upper and lower, 

 were also met with. It may be presumed that all these specimens, though found at 

 diflerent depths and widely apart, may in all probability have belonged to the same 

 individual. The crowns of the teeth are slightly sun-cracked, indicating exposure to the 

 atmosphere before their entombment in the cave. 



2. Another specimen, also possibly belonging to the same animal, is a proximal 

 phalanx (PI. VII. fig. 3), from which the proximal epiphysis has been detached. It is 

 rather slender in form. 



3. A large portion of a scapula of a mature animal (PI. VIII.). The glenoid cavity 

 measures 3""25 x 2"-5, which denotes a horse of considerable size. 



4. Corresponding with the scapula is the entire proximal extremity of the right 

 humerus (PI. IX. fig. 1). 



5. An entire left calcaneum (fig. 3). 



6. The distal epiphysis of the left femur (PI. IX. fig. 2). This portion of the femur 

 appears to have been detached at the epiphysial junction before interment, as the entire 

 surface was covered with a thick layer of ochreous crystalline deposit. 



7. Besides the above, there are in the collection several portions of upper and lower 

 jaws, and a few detached teeth. With the exception of one or two old and much-worn 

 teeth of the permanent series and of large size, nearly all the specimens would appear 

 to belong to young or immature animals. It is to be remarked that none of the 

 equine remains exhibit any evidence of gnawing, or of human agency — although, 

 from the circumstance that by far the greater part of the collection consists of the 

 remains of young or. quite immature individuals, one might be almost inclined to 

 suppose that they were the relics of animals that had been used for food. 



1. Head. 



AH the specimens described or refen-ed to above are strongly mineralized, and, as 

 has been already said, are in that respect in exactly the same condition as the bones 

 of Bhinoceros, Cervus, Ibex, &c., which are indubitably fossil. There can be little doubt 

 that the Horse was a member of the contemporary fauna. 



In Genista Cave No. 2 a couple of distal phalanges were met with, which appear to 



