QUATBRNAEY FAUNA OF GIBEALTAE. 115 



Plate XIX. It consists of a mass of breccia containing numerous bones, all obviously 

 of the same skeleton and belonging to a Deer of the size and in all other respects 

 undistinguishable from C. daina. These bones (some entire, others broken) are, or 

 rather were, completely imbedded in an extremely hard red breccia, from which they 

 were sculptured with considerable difficulty. This interesting specimen formed part of 

 a large quantity of ossiferous breccia kindly forwarded by General Frome, and which 

 was obtained in the excavations for some new works at Poco Roco, a point towards 

 the northern end of the Eock, and in the line of the " northern quebrada." The bones 

 distinctly visible in this block as it stands are: — 



1. A large part of the lower jaw, containing five of the molar teeth, whose dimen- 

 sions &c. will be seen in the odontogram No. 33. 



2. A nearly entire left femur, whose proximal end measures l"-0x2"-3, or nearly 

 that. 



3. A portion of the distal articular extremity of the right femur, which measures 

 in the antero-posterior direction 2""7, and precisely resembles, so far as it goes, the 

 articular end of a small femur from the Genista Cave. 



4. An astragalus, about l"-5 long by about 0"-9 wide, and 0"'85 high on the outer 

 side. 



The astragalus of a Fallow Deer measures in the same directions 1"'5, 0"*95, and 

 0"'85, or identically the same; whilst comparison of the odontogram No. 33 with 

 No. 34, which represents the mandibular dentition of C. dama, will show how closely 

 the Poco-Roco Deer corresponds with the Fallow Deer. 



X. Capea. 



Of all the ruminants, the remains of a large caprine species are by far the most 

 abundant in the Genista and other caverns of Gibraltar. They occur in deposits of all 

 ages, apparently associated in the upper chambers &c. with human bones, and in the 

 lower passages with those of the most ancient forms. They include : — skulls, tolerably 

 perfect except in the facial portion ; numerous detached horn-cores ; upper and lower 

 jaws, and innumerable detached teeth ; together with a large number of bones of the 

 extremities and pelvis, with several vertebrae, including the axis &c. Many of these are 

 in perfect preservation. 



As will be shown, we have been induced to refer all these remains, though differing 

 a good deal in size and belonging to widely remote periods, to one and the same species, 

 which still exists in considerable abundance in the mountainous sierras of Spain, from 

 north to south, if not even on the southern slopes of the Pyrenees — the Capm hisjianica 

 of Schimper. 



The genus Capra, according to Dr. Falconer, coexisted with species of Chalicotherium, 

 Hipparion, Hexaprotodon, and other forms regarded as of Miocene age, in the Sevalik 



