THE THREE GENERA OF THE GREEKS. 213 



How vividly reproduced are such expressions as "David in Saul's armor," 

 " sailing under false colors," "wearing borrowed plumes;" and that other prov- 

 erb which, though rude, is still at the foundation of all success, — "Let every 

 tub stand on its own bottom," — how bitterly the meaning of them all is realized 

 in the cry of the luckless Trojans, — 



" Heu nihil invitis fas quemquam fidere divis ! " 

 Against the "Judas kiss" and the "wolf in sheep's clothing" comes the warning 

 cry of Laocoon, — 



" Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes." 

 Those were genuine men, and not Trojans merely, in that old ship race off 

 the coast of Sicily, for then 



" Hos successus alit, possunt, quia posse videntur;" 

 and just as truly to-day, "Nothing is more successful than success^ Thus 

 we may see in Virgil's pages the true spirit of stoic indifference, — 



" Quid quid erit, superanda omnis futura ferendo est; " 

 and the "ruling passion," — 



" Trahit sua quemque voluptas; " 

 and the lightning like speed of rumor, — 



" Fama, malum qua non aliud velcuis ilium." 

 These comprise only a few of many similar passages. By means of these, 

 and topics of like nature, an excellent review of Virgil may be made. Thus, if 

 the student be directed to pick out all the proverbs, the similes, the flowers, the 

 Roman customs, or the different uses of any word, he will undertake his work 

 with all the ardor of an explorer, and, without knowing it, will obtain such a 

 knowledge of the author as he could get in no other way. — Journal of Education, 



THE THREE GENERA OF THE GREEKS. 



F. A. JONES. 



The Diatonic Genus among the Greeks was divided into several modes, or 

 which, in our modern terminology, are denominated scales. They comprised 

 the following : the Dorian, the Phrygian, the Ly-dian and the Mixo-Lydian ; the 

 first of these commencing on D, the second on E, the third on sharp F and the 

 fourth on G, and each of these modes had a corresponding or collateral mode, 

 distinguished by the prefix Hypo, signifying under, as Hypo-Dorian, Hypo- 

 Phrygian, Hypo-Lydian and the Hypo-Mixo-Lydian. These Hypo modes were 

 situated at a 5th above or its inversion a 4th below the original four modes which 

 were termed authentic in contradistinction to the Hypo modes which were termed 

 Plagal {xoxxi plagios signifying sideways or athwart; thus for example, the Hypo- 

 Dorian may be reckoned from A, consisting of natural notes, the Hypo-Phry- 

 gian from B including C sharp and F sharp, the Hypo-Lydian from C sharp in- 

 cluding D sharp, F sharp and G sharp, and the Hypo-Mixo-Lydian from D con- 

 taining B flat. The first of these genera is known as the Diatonic genus; this 



