THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION AT MONTREAL. 301 



the ice forms at the surface, and is carried down where re-gelation takes place. 

 Prof. Claypole said frasil ice was found even in the head-waters of the Thames. 

 The stones in the bottom of streams seem to radiate their heat in clear water so 

 rapidly that anchor ice was formed. 



" The Earl of Ross read papers on ' An Electrical Control for Equatorial 

 Driving Blocks/ and on 'Polishing the Secula.' This is a son of Sir John Ross 

 who constructed the forty-foot reflecting telescope. 



''Professor Douglas Archibald read a paper on 'Some Preliminary Experi- 

 ments with Anemometers attached to Kite-wires.' He wanted to send up his 

 anemometer on a kite, but could not make his kite stand still in the air so as to 

 get a correct measurement of the wind, until he devised some inverted funnels 

 attached to the kite's tail which the wind caught, and so pulled the kite both 

 ways at once. In this way he could send up his anemometer to almost any 

 height, and make his kite stand perfectly still for hours. These English savants 

 are very ingenious to devise methods to carry on their investigations. 



" In the section of chemistry Sir Henry Roscoe read an interesting paper 

 on the diamond deposits of South Africa and the ash of the diamond. Mr. Harold 

 B. Dixon read a report on chemical nomenclature, advocating the adoption of a 

 nomenclature which should become universal and permanent. Many other 

 valuable papers were also read in this section. 



"In the geological section President W. T. Blanford, F. R. S., occupied 

 the chair and Prof. T. G. Bonney, F. R. S., read a paper 'On the Archaean 

 Rocks of Great Britain.' The paper indicated a general correspondence between 

 these rocks and the Archsean rocks of Canada. 



' ' Dr. T. Sterry Hunt followed with a paper on ' The Eozoic Rocks of North 

 America.' He found among the pre-Cambrian strata of North America an invar- 

 iable succession of crystalline stratified rocks, which have been by him divided 

 into several groups, the constituents of which become progressively less massive 

 and less crystalline, until we reach the sediments of palaeozoic time, of which the 

 Cambrian rocks, with the exception, perhaps, of the lowest or fundamental 

 gneiss, present evidences, direct or indirect, of the existence of organic life at 

 the time of their deposition. He included these rocks under the general title of 

 Eozoic, a term first proposed by Sir William Dawson. This paper was discussed 

 by Major Powell, James Hall, Sir William Dawson and others. 



" Professor James D. Dana contributed a paper, ' On the Southward End- 

 ing of the Great Synclinal in the Taconic Range.' 



"Mr. V. Ball, F. R. S., read a paper, 'On the Mode of Occurrence of 

 Precious Stones and Metals in India.' The paper treated of the diamond, ruby, 

 sapphire, spirel, beryl, emerald, lapis lazuli, gold and silver, and gave informa- 

 tion not contained in the books. 



" The section of biology has attracted much attention, and valuable papers 

 were read by Mosely, Struthers, Dobson, Marshall, Saunders, Hughes and 

 others. 



When Lieutenant Greely and wife arrived, they were met at the station by 



