TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION IN EUROPE. 333 



EDUCATION. 



TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION IN EUROPE. 



F. G. FRENCH. 



{Translated from the German of Dr. Herman Grothe.) 



The various efforts made at the present time to educate the young in some 

 skilled handiwork have led the German Society for the Advancement of Indus- 

 tries (Verein zur Beforderung des Gewerbefleisses) to establish a commission 

 with the object of inquiring what branches of industrial training are carried on in 

 the different special schools, and workshops connected with schools, in Germany 

 and neighboring countries. The following is taken from the report of Dr. Her- 

 mann Grothe, Honorary Member of the "Central verein der Deutschen Wol- 

 lenwaaren-Fabriksanten," on the subject. In France an intermediate grade of 

 industrial training is given at the Schools of Arts and Trades at Chalons, Aix and 

 Angers. These three schools have regular workshops and rooms enough for 900 

 pupils. 



Lately several industrial schools or higher commercial and industrial schools 

 have been started. For instance at Limoges there is a school of ceramics ; at 

 Lille one for spinning and weaving of linen; at Nevers one for iron- work; and at 

 Roubaix one for weaving. The Central School of Arts and Manufactures and the 

 Conservatory of Arts and Trades in Paris give a higher grade of technical instruc- 

 tion. In addition to the national special schools for this grade of work there are 

 in France numerous communal and private institutions of a similar character, 

 such as the Delahaye Institute, the Springer Institute and the Communal School 

 of the Rue Tournefort in Paris, and the Institute of Our Ladies at Nantes. The 

 Martiniere school in Lyons belongs to a still lower grade. This one, with some 

 other schools of arts and trades, or higher commercial and industrial schools, is 

 in part preparatory to the State institutions. Several schools have now a special 

 organization, thus the National School for watch and clock-making at Cluses, the 

 School of Textile industries at Epinal, the Higher Industrial School at Rouen, 

 the Industrial Institute for Flax-spinning at Lille, the School of Industrial Arts at 

 Roubaix, the Weaving School at Lyons, the Lace-Work Schools at Dieppe, Creu- 

 zot, Bayeux, St. Brienne, etc., that for willow-culture and basket-weaving at 

 Origuy-on-the-Thou, those for stone-cutting at Clermont, Ferraud, Grenoble and 

 Neinlly-on-the-Seine, with others for cabinet-making, furniture manufacture, 

 type-setting and paper-making. Certain orphan asylums also have workshops 

 connected. 



In Belgium there are no institutions for technical education of a secondary 

 grade. But in 1879 there were thirty-two industrial schools reported which 



