26 THE PREGLACIAL DRAINAGE OF OHIO. 



In the divide separating- the waters of Wolf Creek from the 

 Muskingum, just south of Roxbury, there is a very low col 

 which while it presents few features characteristic of most of the 

 old valley remnants, still it seems quite certain that it represents 

 the location of an old abandoned valley. The divide at this 

 point is so narrow and the amount of erosion of the large streams 

 on each side is so great (about 150 feet), that nearly all the old 

 valley characters have been lost from excessive erosion. 



In the divide separating the lower waters of the Hocking* 

 from those of the Little Hocking there is a well preserved valley 

 floor (Figures 1 and 3, Plate V) which has been sectioned in 

 several places by the cuts on the Baltimore and Ohio Southwest- 

 ern railroad. The best section is but a few rods west of Torch 

 station where the cut is about twenty-five feet deep and very 

 near the center of the old valley and in the present crest line. 

 The section shows above the tracks, about fifteen feet of very 

 fine clay, scattered through which are some small decayed peb- 

 bles. Except for the absence of foreign material this clay resem- 

 bles very much a glacial till. No lamination was observed and 

 it was thought to be a very deep residual soil. Above this clay 

 is a layer of from two to three feet of river gravel composed 

 mostly of small material varying from a quarter of an inch to four 

 inches in size and mostly flattish or lenticular in form. Its local 

 origin from the carboniferous sandstones and shales is. 

 very evident. The sandstone pebbles are more nearly equi- 

 axial than the pebbles of the shales. All of this gravel is. 

 so thoroughly decayed that good sized pebbles can be easily 

 crushed between the fingers. The section did not show any 

 well marked evidence of shingling, but was very certainly 

 stream-made and stream-laid. Above the gravel is about a foot 

 of rather red clay soil and above that some six to seven feet of 

 loess-like silt. The rock is not revealed in the bottom of the cut 

 so that the exact depth of the filling was not determined. How- 

 ever it is thought not to be very deep below the railroad track 

 to the rock, judging from other sections to the east and west, 

 which do not show so much clay but do cut into the rock. In 

 some of these cuts the gravel lies directly upon a decayed rock 

 surface without the thick clav beneath. 



