THE PREGLACIAL DRAINAGE OF OHIO. 61 



ceeds southeast to Wooster, passing, after traveling 24 miles, 

 within one mile of the springs that mark its head. 



The explanation is this : When the great mass of 

 morainic material which formed the hills between Creston and 

 Sterling was piled into, and over the water-way, then as low 

 as the Lake's present level, of course this channel was oblit- 

 erated, as well as the one coming from Canaan Tp., now rep- 

 resented by the head of Killbuck. The dammed up waters of 

 the Killbuck channel formed a lake at Jackson, and the ob- 

 structed waters in the axial channel created the larger lake from 

 Orrville to Easton. Now these lakes must have an outlet, 

 and the waters of the eastern one, now represented by Orrville 

 swamps, Chippewa Creek, and the subterranean passage near 

 Sterling, where fish came up when the railroad went down, 

 cut its way by a low col in the coal measures at Warwick and 

 gave birth to the Tuscarawas River. 



The other, or Old Hickory Lake, forced a way directly 

 across the north and south divide, creating a broad and rocky 

 channel for Killbuck to Burbank, but the Black River trough 

 was also blocked by a series of kames running east and west 

 and forming the south border of a Lake imprisoned between 

 Burbank and Lodi, now known as the Harrisville Swamp. So 

 the Killbuck waters must search for a new way out, and being 

 joined by the embarrassed waters of the northeast face of Con- 

 gress Tp. enough force was generated to cut a narrow path 

 through the continental divide near Cedar Valley, and so the 

 Killbuck river was completed and sent on its way to join the 

 .Tuscarawas at Coshocton. 



This completes the preglacial and present drainage of the 

 northwest half of the hydrographic basin. The southeast half 

 shows a rim made up of hills as high, and hard, and irregular, 

 as those on the west and north, but of different material. The 

 first were of Waverly, while these are composed of all the fac- 

 tors of the coal measures. Each of the seven numbers of the coals 

 are represented, while limestone, and sandstone, iron ore, 

 and chert are found as capstones to the rim of the bowl through 

 all of Holmes county. The line of the divide starts near Inde- 

 pendence and Bellville in Richland county, and passes through 



