392 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA PUBLICATIONS 



moderately soft, dark. On section, negative except for dilated bile ducts. Kidneys 

 alike. Capsule stripped readily leaving a smooth pale surface. On section, the cortex 

 was pale and brownish gray. Glomeruli faintly seen. Appearance on section normal. 

 Adrenals and hemolymph glands were like those in the previous autopsy. The bladder 

 empty and apparently normal. Pancreas soft, apparently normal. 



The fourth stomach contained many fine worms which were free on the mucosa. 

 No encysted forms could be made out in the surface of the mucosa. The mucosa of 

 all four stomachs and the intestine was everywhere pale and smooth. The mucosa 

 of the nasal chambers was injected and coated with a slight amount of sticky mucus. 

 The sinuses connected with the nose were apparently clear and normal. The brain 

 and its membranes showed no abnormality. 



Microscopic report. Lung. The section showed vesicular lung tissue. Liver cells 

 were greatly swollen, vacuolar,- and granular; the alignment less definitely preserved 

 than usual, capillaries greatly reduced or often collapsed as the result of swelling 

 of liver cells. The cells in the outer zone of lobule were possibly slightly more granu- 

 lar than the others; the nuclei in the outer zone being frequently very pale or even 

 lost. The difference between the outer zone and the rest of the liver lobule was not as 

 conspicuous as in preceding autopsies. Bile ducts showed very little alteration and 

 were inconspicuous; they were not notably dilated and there was no increase in the 

 surrounding connective tissue. Kidney showed slight cloudy swelling of convoluted 

 tubules. Spleen normal. 



Anatomical diagnosis. Thysanosoma actinioides infection; dilatation of bile 

 ducts; granular and vacuolar degeneration of liver cells; emaciation; loose irregular 

 teeth; infection of stomach with wire worms (Ostertagia marshalli) ; recent infection 

 of lung with Slrongylus {Metastrongylus) filaria; Cysticercus tenuicollis. 



Autopsies 10 and 11 were only partial autopsies performed October 15 at Cliff 

 Kell3''s ranch, one of them (No. 10) upon an animal which had received a plant poison, 

 the other (No. 11) upon a locoed animal which had been receiving special doses of 

 loco, without appreciable effect. The autopsies disclosed the presence of the bile duct 

 tape-worm and the wire worms in the fourth stomach of each animal and the lung 

 worm apparently fresh in the lungs of the "locoed" animal. On microscopic exami- 

 nation of the tissues from case No. 11 sarcosporidia were found in the heart muscle 

 and diaphragm; there was vacuolar and granular degeneration of the outer zone of 

 the liver lobules; the kidney, spleen and stomachs appeared normal. 



The sheep just described were studied during the autumn of 1903, and 

 furnished the basis of a report to the Department of Agriculture. During 

 the summer of 1904 examinations were made of a number of sheep selected 

 by the ranchmen from diseased flocks, and regarded as examples of severe 

 loco disease. Descriptions of these cases follow: 



Olie Chrest of Howie, Montana selected two "locoed" sheep from his herd for 

 examination. The animals were emaciated, and stiff-legged with ragged fleeces. 

 Their front teeth were loose and irregular. They were regarded as typical locoes. 

 Yearling A was bled to death. 



Autopsy No. 20. At autopsy August 23, animal showed absence of fat; there were 

 several young larvae of Oestrus ovis crawling over the turbinated bones; there were 



