DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 323 



Hook.) that the horealis^ of 'M. Bor.-Am.' is the same with (jracllis, E-ich., I. c, and a 

 plant of Drummoud's, called Larhrea aquatica, and further that all are referable to S. 

 twnhellata, Turc. 



S. longiiies, Goldie. Of the plants brought under this name, S. Icsta, Eich., and Edward. 

 sii, Br., are all but universally considered to be identical or states. Of Bunge's S. peduncu- 

 laris being the same, there can I think be little question. Of S. hebecalyx, Fenzl, and 

 ciliatosepala, Trautr., I have seen no authentic specimens ; but, judging from the drawings 

 and descriptions, and from specimens in the Herbarium from Labrador, displaying similar 

 characters, I have no doubt of these also being mere varieties. Fenzl says that hebecalyx 

 is intermediate between a variety of longlpes and Dalmrica (3. Planchon (in Herb. Hook.) 

 refers DaMmca to longipes doubtfully ; and TurczaninoflF (fid. Eupr. PL Sam.) regards 

 Dalnirica(3 2 of Fenzl as the same with glauca, L. The smooth testa of the seed, how- 

 ever, distinguishes all the forms of longipes. Durand (Kane's Voy.) refers S. stricta, 

 Eich., to longipes j3. minor and 8. Iceta. Planchon (Herb. Hook.) further refers S. imhri- 

 cata, Bimge, alpestris, Turc, and Fischeriana, Ser., to longipes, and, I think, rightly. 

 The S. glauca of Greenland (Lyall's plants, nob. in Linn. Journ. vol. i. p. 116) is a state 

 of this plant. 



S. longifolia, Fries. A very confusing plant, whether as regards its synonymy or 

 limits. I am quite unable to distinguish the European from the American form; 

 both have a smooth testa, and seeds otherwise identical. Fries distinguishes them ; 

 and Koch (' Synops.' 131) says that longifolia, Muhl., is most certainly distinct, but gives 

 no characters. 



S. alpestris is regarded by Fries as a variety, and perhaps a distinct species ; it ap- 

 proaches states of idiginosa in many characters ; but the seeds are always smooth. 



Lepigonum saliniim, Fr. This should perhaps be regarded as a member of an aggregate 

 species including L. marinmn, Wahl., of which Babington considers it a variety, and 

 ruhrum, AYahl., plants which in their extreme forms differ widely, bvit seem united by 

 innumerable variations ; Bentham unites them. 



Cerastium Fischer ianum, Ser. Euprecht inckuies a plant of this name, in ' Herb. 

 Chamisso,' under vulgatum, and further doubts the possibility of distinguishing it from 

 arctic forms of C arvense. Fenzl (in ' Led. Fl. Eoss.') reduces both this and Beeringia- 

 num to vulgatum. Torrey and Gray, and, following these, Durand, refer Fisclierianmn to 

 alpinum, and keep Beeringianum distinct, but next to it in order. 



C. arvense, L. Euprecht gives the only arctic habitat for this, viz. the extreme forest- 

 limit in Samoiedland, but he gives its var. /3 {arvense, incanmn. Led.) as abundant in 

 sandy places on the arctic Island of Kolgujew. 



PoLYGALA vulgaris, L. I hesitated long whether to amalgamate the distribution of 

 this with the Siberian P. comosa, but have refrained. 



Astragalus poLxIris, Benth, ; giaber v, parce pubescens, caule breviter difFuso, stipulis 

 postice concretis, foliolis 11-15 ovatis oblongisve retusis v. emarginato-bifidis, peduu- 

 cuHs folio subgequalibus apice 1-i-floris, calycis dcntibus tubo paullo brevioribus, 

 corolla calyce subtriplo longiore, carina alis vcxilloque brcviore, leguniine siibsessili 



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