DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 327 



European, Caucasian, and Siberian. S. media, L., which is reduced by Torrey and Gray to 

 a var. of Canadensis, L., is N.W. American. S. Canadensis, L., is not found anywhere 

 in Canada, though a native of both N.E. and N.W. America; it differs from officinalis in 

 the long stamens and narrower spikes. S. tenuifoUa, Eisch., is N.E. Asian, and con- 

 sidered by Asa Gray (Bot. of Japan, p. 387) as hardly more than a variety of Canadensis. 

 So much for the local distribution of the common forms ; the only other is S. polycjama, 

 Nylander, a species retained by Fries, with East Lapland as its only Scandinavian 

 habitat. 



Rosa majalis, Herm. This is R. cinnamoii/ea /3, Torrey & Gray, which Ledebour and 

 Koch do not even rank as a variety. 



JR. blanda, Ait. This is also B. Woodsii, Borr., of ' Elor. Bor.-Am.' according to Torrey 

 and Gray. Eries does not include it in his Lapland column.. R. acicidaris, Lindl. (non 

 DC), is referred by Ledebour to alpina, L., and appears to be the same with B. Gmelini, 

 a common Siberian plant. I do not see how it is to be distinguished from hlanda. B. 

 Carelica, E. : Ruprecht (Elor. Sam. p. 33) reduces this to a var. of B. acicidaris, as do 

 Meyen (see Nylander, Dist. Plant. Eenn. p. 86) and Trautvetter (Elor. Boganid.). B. 

 fraxinifola, Lindl. (and Seringa), is referred to blanda in ' Elora Boreali- Americana ' and 

 by Torrey and Gray. 



B. villosa, L., tomentosa, Sm. Benthani adds to this B. mollis, E. Bot. 



B. canina, L., is, according to Ledebour, found in Arctic Lapland; l}ut I find no 

 Scandinavian authority for it, and have not included it. 



Pyrtjs Aucicjmria, L. This, and the two plants brought under it, are species, subspecies, 

 or local forms, according to the value assigned to those terms. It is remarkable that 

 the Greenland one is nearer the American form than the European. P. Americana was 

 Aucuparia |3 of Michaux. The true P. Aucuparia is, however, a native of both continents, 

 having been found at Lake Winnipeg by Bourgeau, and in Siberia, lat. 6i° (Trautv. Elora. 

 Jenissei). 



PuNUS Padns, L. I almost think that I should consistently have added P. serotina, DC, 

 of North of America, to this. 



Amelaxchier alnifolia, Nutt. Torrey and Gray reduce all the American Amelanchiers 

 to Canadensis, of which this is their var. S ; it is found on both sides of the Rocky 

 Zvlountains. 



Epelobium alsinifolimn, Vill. Watson regards this as possibly a luxuriant form of 

 alpinum, adding that intermediate forms may be assigned to either ; he also cautions us 

 that mountain forms of E. tetragonmn occasionally pass for it. Bentham keeps it distinct ; 

 Koch, Torrey and Gray, and Asa Gray make it the same with origanifolium. 



E. Sornemamii, Reich. This is alpinum j3 of 'Elora Bor.-Am.,' and y of Torrey and Gray. 

 Ledebour keeps it distinct. 



K origanifolium. Lam. This is E. alpinmn -y of Torrey and Gray and Asa Gray ; Le- 

 debour keeps it distinct, as does Eries, who gives Lapland as habitat for both. Andersson 

 distinguishes these and lineare Ijy the seeds, which, ]iot being perfected in the majority of 



