336 DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 



Veronica horealis, Lsest., is included by Pries as a variety of serpylUfoUa, both, being 

 Lapponian. 



V.fruticulosa, L. Koch retains this as different from saxatilis, butBentham considers 

 it the same. 



Melampyrum Americanum, Mich. Asa Gray keeps this up as a species, but Bentham 

 reduces it to a var. o^ i^ratense. The smaller, more slender corolla is the only character I 

 can find. 



Bhinanthus minor, Ehr. This form of the genus is, according to Fries, the only one 

 found in Lapland ; it is the Crista-galU, Aar. a, of Linnaeus according to Koch. Bentham 

 does not consider it a sufficiently constant form to rank as a race even. 



Euphrasia officinalis, L. The varieties montana, Er., and alpestris, Koch, are found 

 throughout Lapland according to Eries. 



PEDicuiiARis amcena, Ad. Retained as distinct from verticillata by Ledebour and by 

 Bentham, who, however, on examining more specimens with me, agrees that it is only a 

 slight variety connected by intermediates ; both are arctic plants. 



P. horealis, Stev., is, according to Eries, a Lapland and Einland variety of |jffZwsi;r'is,L. 



P. lanata, Willd., is reduced to hirsuta hj'&Gnih.sim, and, I think, rightly. 



P. arctlca, Br., is reduced to Langsdorffii by Bentham, with purpurascens, for an old 

 synonym. 



P. Langsdorffii. This I find to pass by insensible gradations into Sndetica. 



P. Kanei. I have never seen authentic specimens of this, but the description agrees 

 with forms of undoubted Sudetica gathered in Greenland. 



Utricularia vulgaris, L. This is unquestionably a native of Arctic Europe ; but 

 though common in Temperate N. America, both east and west, I am not so sure of its 

 entering the arctic circle there. I presume, however, it is one of the two alluded to by 

 Ptichardson (' Boat Journey through Bupert's Land '). 



V. intermedia, Ehr.. Eries and Koch keep this distinct from U. minor. Watson also 

 retains them, but observes that much confusion exists about them. Bentham and Oliver 

 (who has lately worked a great deal at this genus) think that intermedia is only a form 

 of minor. Of the two, JJ. intermedia is both Arctic European and American ; minor is 

 Arctic European, but is also found in Tibet. 



Do3:)ECATHEOiSf integrifoUuin, Mich., and frigidiun, C. & S., are certainly only varieties 

 of Meadia. Torrey indeed (Bot. Whipple's Exped., p. 62) recognizes but one species of 

 the genus, which is found from the arctic circle to New Mexico. 



Trientalis latifolia, Hook., is considered a variety of Europa;a by Torrey (Bot. 

 Whipple's Exped.) ; it extends along the Rocky Mountains to California. 



T. arctica, Eisch., is scarcely distinguishable from Enroptea as a variety, to which Lede- 

 l)our refers it. I have seen no arctic specimens, though it extends to Sitcha and Kams- 

 chatka. The T. Americana, the best-marked American species, extends from tlie U. 

 States to Labrador. It differs in appearance from Europcea, and is certainly far more 



