344 DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 



J. lampocarpus, Ehr., is articulatus a and /3 of Linnaeus, fide Koch. E, Meyer unites 

 it. Accordiug to Eries, it is not Scandinavian. 



J. alpinus, Vill. I have followed E. Meyer, Eries, and Koch, in keeping this distinct, 

 though Kunth unites it with articulatus, and in the ' Elora B or eali- Americana ' it is put 

 as a synonym of uliginosus. 



J. compresses, Jacq., is the same with bulhosus, L. 



J. Botlmicus, Wahl., is a synonym of GerarcU, according to Kocli and E. Meyer, as is 

 ccenosus, Bich. fid. Eries and E. Meyer : the latter observes that J. GerarcU always grows 

 in salt marshes, and compressus never. 



J. atrofuscus, Rupr., is reduced to a synonym of GerarcU by E. Meyer in Ledebour, El. 

 Boss. 



Cakex. I am indebted to Dr. Boott for revising the list of Carices, which, as it stands, 

 embodies his views as to the specific limits of the Arctic forms and their distribution. 



SciRPUS Olneyi, A. Gray. This appears to me nothing l)ut a very slight variety of S. 

 triqueter. 



EmoPHORUM Chamissonis, C.A.M., is regarded by Eries as identical with capitatum. 



E. Sclieuchzeri, Hoppe {captitatum. Host.), is distinguished {vom. ca,pitatum by the leaves 

 scabrous at the margin, subglobose spike, and stoloniferous roots ; it is not Scandinavian, 

 but found in Arctic Greenland. 



JE. russeolum, Er. Kept distinct by Eries, from its opake mucronate scales and yellow- 

 brown setas. It is found only in Lapland and West Einland. 



E. latifolium, L. I find it quite impossible to distinguish gracile, ancjusUfolium, and 

 polystachijitm by any definite or constant characters, and revert to the Linnsean oj)inion 

 that all are forms of one, in which Bentham concurs. 



GRAMiNEiE. — This list has been twice most carefully revised by Col. Munro, who 

 regards all the names brought under others as undoubted varieties or synonyms. I 

 have in the following notes invariably put foremost the views of Grisebach (Elor. Boss.) 

 and Andersson, as those of the two best and most accurate authors on Northern Grasses 

 with whom I am acquainted. Andersson's in particular is an excellent work in all re- 

 spects ; he keeps up many critical species, but indicates in all cases accurately their inter- 

 mediate positions, and recognizes the trivial nature of their characters. 



Alopecurus ovatus, Horn., is alpinus j3. horealis of Trinius and Grisebach, in Ledebour 

 (El. Boss.), according to whom the a. Scoticus does not occur in Russia. A. alpinus, L., 

 does not occur in Andersson's ' Graminese Scandinavite.' 



A. RutJieniciis, Wein. This, a synonym of nigricans, Hornemann, is kept distinct by 

 Eries, Andersson, and Grisebach. Eries says of a \ wietj p)usillus, " fere A. alpiims, Sm.;" 

 again, of nigricans, " A. prcitensi valde affinis." 



A. aristulatus, Mich. Kept distinct by Asa Gray ; it is the geniculatns, var. /3, of Tor- 

 rey's Elora. 



A. fulvus, Sm., is kept up by Grisebach and Eries. It is considered the same as aris- 

 tulatus in ' Elor. Bor.-Am.' Andersson says of it, "A. geniculato valde affinis ejusque 

 \a.i'ietaii fhiitautl nimium similis." 



