OF THE AMAZON VALLEY. 527 



Genus Sais, Doubleday (part). 

 Doubld. and Hewits. Gen. Diurn. Lepid. p. 131. 



The type of Doubleday' s genus Sais is the Fapilio Rosalia of Cramer, a species wliich 

 differs in the structure of the fore legs of the male and in the hind-wing neuration from 

 the allied forms of Heliconidse. Doubleday, however, made the definition of his genus 

 impossible, by placing in it a series of species (*S'. Cyrianassa and others) which have no 

 resemblance to S. Rosalia in the features mentioned. ;S'. Cyrianassa and its allies form 

 a distinct group, which I have named Napeogenes. Sais may be known by the following 

 characters. 



The hind-wing lower disco-cellular in the d runs in a line with the median nervure ; the 

 middle disco -cellular also runs nearly in the same straight direction, but it is angular, and 

 emits a recurrent nervule ; the upper disco-cellular is short, and placed near the apex of 

 the wing. In the 2 the position of the lower and middle disco-cellulars is the same ; but 

 the upper disco-cellular is wanting, the upper radial being placed as a branch of the 

 subcostal. The costal and subcostal nervures amalgamate for nearly the whole course 

 of the costal, as in the genus Ilechanitis. The fore legs of the d are quite rudimentary ; 

 not only are the tibiae and tarsi reduced to a small knob, but the femur also is greatly 

 abbreviated. In the ? they are much elongated, and the tarsi are filiform. The head 

 is very small ; the antennse are very long and slender. 



In this genus the elongation of the hind- wing cell and the attraction of the radial 

 neuration within the domain of the median, reach their extreme point. In one sense, 

 Sais may be considered to be the highest development of the Heliconide (or Danaine) 

 type on the American continent, in the sense of receding furthest from Danais and the 

 Nymphalidse. The group Symenitis exhibits probably as great a deviation from the 

 Nymphalideous type as Sais, but in Hymenitis this deviation runs in a different and 

 nearly opposite direction. 



Sais Eosalia, Cramer. 



Papilio Rosalia, Cram. Pap. Exot. t. 246, f. B. 



Cramer's figure, made from a Surinam specimen, represents the apex of the fore wing 

 of the same orange-tawny colour as the rest of the surface. I did not meet with any 

 examples coloured in this manner. The species varies much according to locality, as is 

 usual with the Heliconida3 ; but the variations do not embrace all the individuals in each 

 locality ; in other words, the segregation of race is not complete. 



Var. 1. Pale orange-tawny ; apical part of the fore wing clear black. 



All the examples met with in the Para and Tapajos districts were conformable to this 

 type. I did not find it at all on the Upper Amazons. 



Var. 2. Dark orange-tawny ; apical part of the fore wing black, hind wing having a 

 series of blackish stripes extending from the central macular vitta to the marginal 

 lunules. 

 Examples of this occurred at Ega, in company with the following : — 



VOL. XXIII. 4 B 



