CONFERVOID FILAMENTS OF MOSSES. 587 



Fig. 10. Occasional state of a growing filament. 



a. With a small colourless cyst or cell between two ordinary cells. 



b. End of a filament of beaded appearance, shedding the terminal globular cells, c. 



Fig. 1 1 . Various appearances of portions of filaments : a, showing the reddish-brown colour of old cell- 

 wall; b, ditto, growing ; c, growing with rapidity ; dd, portion of broken-up filaments. 

 Fig. 12. a. Filament with cell-contents changed to brown. 



b. Single cell of same. 



c. Single cell of same, showing indication of binary division : each end has ridges. 



d. The ends of cells, in profile and in full. 



e. Filament of same before change, tapering at the end. 



Fig. 13. Mode by which the ascending axis is formed from confervoid filaments. 



Fig. 14. Three branches of filaments, which have been crowded with others, so as to cause absence of 



colour in the lower cells. The terminal cells are separating to form gonidia. 

 Fig. 15. Ends of filaments. 



a. Producing " gemmcC " (compound gonidia). 



b. Producing single-celled gonidia. One branch is producing four cells at its extremity. 



c. Cells becoming separate, of linear form, with nucleus. 



Plate LVIII. 



Fig. 16. Portion of a mass of filaments growing like velvet, consisting of multitudes of filaments 

 crowding closely each other, forming a variety of resting gonidium. 



a. Section of the mass. 



b. Single filament. 



c. Detached cells, with dark contents and reddish cell-wall. 

 Fig. 17. Filaments showing the cells of filaments segmenting in situ. 



a. On the quaternary plan. 



b. Ditto, and on its multiples. 



c. Round a common centre. 



d. Contents of some of the cells changed to reddish brown. 

 Fig. 18. Segmentation, in situ, of the contents of cells of a filament. 



a. Commencement of subdivision ; 



b. Shedding cells of various sizes. 



c. Free cells (gonidia) segmenting, without much decrease in size. 



d. Ditto, ditto, after lapse of time, diminishing in size as segmentation proceeds. 

 Fig. 19. Ascending axis, giving off gonidia in two ways : — 



a. As Glmocapsa from a short confervoid filament ; 



b. As segmenting cells from the ends of the pseudo-leaves. 



c. A detached cell (enlarged), with granular contents. Short diameter about ^^'^5 inch. 

 Fig. 20. Confervoid filament changed into irregular segmenting masses, partly by parietal, partly by free 



cell-formation. 



a a. First stage. 



b b. Masses of segmenting cells separated. 



cc,dd. Results of breaking-up of the former. 



c c. Into Chlorococcus-like cells. 



dd. Into Gloeocapsa-like cells. 



