78* Hetu-cafcra-hamaru or Dignaga's Wheel of Reasons 



recovered from Labrang in Sikkim, 



By Mahamahopadhyaya Satis Chandra ViDYABHu?AisrA, M.A. 



cakra 



It was 



composed by Di^^naga, the Father of Mediaeval Logic, m Andhra 

 (modern Telingana of the Madras Presidency) about 500 A.D. 

 The Sanskrit original of the work is lost, but a Tibetan translation 

 of it is preserved in the Tangvur, section Mdo, folios 193-194. I 

 brought a copy of it from the monastery of Labrang in Sikkim, 

 which I visited in June 1907, 



f 



The Tibetan translation was prepared by the sage Bodhisattva 

 of Za-hor and the Bhiksu Dharmasoka. The work in Tibetan is 



called Gtan-tshigs-kyi-hkhor-lo-gtan-la-dwab-pa ( ^^ '5^^ ^* 

 Q^p^'of q|!^(3j'ar^qq'q ^ sigiaifying ^'the Wheel of Reasons put 



in order," It begins thus: 





« 



"Bowing down to the Omniscient One (Buddha) who has 

 destroyed the net of errors, I explain the system of three charac- 

 teristics of the Keason (Middle Term of a Syllogism)." 



Three characteristics of the reason or middle term ( ^^^' 



^^•<3i-i|flr^S^) 



are 



1. 



■^^•|-r^-5=^'^C I 



The' middle term must cover the minor term {paJcsa, 



-1^) 



e.g 



• • 



■etem 



Because it is adventitious, 



unli 



