52 MODERN TREATMENT OF ASTER 
added, as new genera of his own, Sericocarpus, Machaeranthera, 
Doellingeria, Mairia, Tetramolopium, Detridium, and Symphyo- 
trichum ; and from other sources he adopted the Boltonia of 
L'Heritier, Olearia of Moench, Diplostephium of Kunth, Aster- 
omoea of Blume, and the Amellus of Linnaeus. The last genus, 
Amellus, was an inappropriate and high-handed transfer of the 
name Amellus from the classic plant, to a group of South African 
species; a misapplication upon which Adanson's substitution * of 
the name Amellus for the whole genus Aster, was but little 
improvement. 
De Candolle's Compositae in his Prodromus, 1836, retained 
with modifications most of Cassini's genera, and Nees' Sericocarpus, 
Machaeranthera, Mairia and Calimeris ; and also separated Biotia, 
Heleastrum and Tripolium ; as well as a number of small or less 
important genera of Siberian and of southern latitudes. 
Rafinesque, who had been, as he says, “ waiting to see what 
De Candolle would do," now hurried forth with his own disinte- 
gration of Aster, which had been begun by him in MS., as far back 
as 1815, the year that Cassini begun his series of separations in 
Europe. Now Rafinesque proceeded to change the genus-name 
Aster (or what remained of the genus after Rafinesque's with- 
drawals) to Asteriscus (Wew Flora in 1836); and in his Flora 
Tellurtana, part 2, p. 41+, in 1836, he published a group of 
ill-founded genera, all segregates from Aster, viz., Leiachenis, 
Diplactis, Fimbristima, Virgulus, and Venatris. In the same year, 
1836, he issued two other Aster-genera, Myctanthes and Bindera, 
in his Vew Flora, p. 22 and 71 respectively. 
Nuttall, in publications 1818-1841, was the next American 
author of segregate genera, establishing Dieteria, Eucephalus, and 
Xylorhiza, and recognizing Tripolium. 
Torrey and Gray's Flora of North America, when treating the 
Asters, May, 1841, reunited most of the Astereae of the United 
States into the one genus Aster ; including within Aster the groups 
Heleastrum and Tripolium, since separated by some; and includ- . 
ing Biotia, which has since remained undisturbed in Aster; but 
* Adanson adopted Ame//us as his name for our genus Aster, and separating 
Tripolium, he must needs bestow the name ds¢er upon that. Necker also was not con- 
tent without changing the name of the genus Aster, which became his genus inardia. 
