T2 MopERN TREATMENT OF ASTER 
sylvania and Lapham in Wisconsin, were among those whose field 
work added something to our knowledge of Biotian Asters. 
6. There were other collectors early in the nineteenth century 
who furnished Biotian species from New York, New Jersey and 
Pennsylvania, to European herbaria, especially to that of Bern- 
hardi and to Günther's Mora Pennsylvanica at Breslau. The most 
active of these collectors was Eduard Friedrich Póppig, who col- 
lected in Pennsylvania in 1824. He was born in 1797 at Playen, 
in Saxony, made botanical collections in Cuba, in 1822; Pennsyl- 
vania, 1824; Chile and Peru, 1826-1832; became Professor of 
Zoology at Leipsic in 1833; was author, with Endlicher, of 
** Nova Genera" of Chilean and Peruvian plants, and died 1868. 
Poppig sailed from Matanzas for Philadelphia on April 24, 
1824, and then collected plants through Pennsylvania all that 
summer and fall. At Connellsburg, in southwestern Pennsyl- 
vania — or '' Conelsburgh," as Poppig calls it — he spent the 
winter of 1824-5; he was for some time at Baltimore, into the 
next fall apparently ; while in this summer, of 1825, he sent over 
his collection of 12,000 Cuban and North American plant speci- 
mens to his friend, Dr. Radius,* of Leipsic. 
Poppig seems to have been the source of the Aster specimens 
from “Cove Valley, Penn.," which Nees received and cited in 
1832; including Nees’ Aster macrophyllus y, founded on a speci- 
men from Cove Valley in Günther's Flora Pennsylvanica. See 
that plant, zz/ra. 
After leaving Baltimore, Poppig was in 1826 in Valparaiso, 
there beginning his distinguished career as South American 
traveller and botanist. 
First CULTIVATION OF BiOTIAN ASTERS 
Aster macrophyllus L. is referred to in cultivation as follows: 
1739, Kew; under name 4. macrophyllus, fide Philip Miller's 
Gardener s. Dictionary, ed. 3, vol. 2, no. 23, pub. 1739; probably 
introduced into Kew after 1733, when Miller's second edition was 
published without mentioning it. 
1750? Paris; about the middle of this century or later, A. 
* Justus W. M. Radius, born 1797 in Leipsic, professor there 1825, physician to 
the Georgenspital 1832-53; died 1884. — 4ilyemeine Deutsche Biographie, 26: 422. 
