HiG DESCRIPTION OF ASTERS; DIVARICATI 
escence of heads 1% in. high, 54 in. broad; the involucre á in. 
high or but little eae, deep-green chequered. Examples 
N. Y. vic., 1830? Torrey in hb. Colu.; N. Y. vic., Se. 14, '98, Bz. 
1? Dwarf long-leaf state, plants otherwise typical ; occasional. 
15 Dwarf broad-leaf state; plants 6—9 in., high, with acute 
leaves 117 x I in., obtuse radicals, purple disks and stems, and 
large heads 1 in., across, with rather narrow bracts. Examples: 
N. Y. vic., Zzwood, Se. 27, '97, halfway up the north slope of Dyckman 
Av. rock. 
* k * * * * * DIMINISHED STATES CHOKED by growth 
in dense masses 
1? Slender state otherwise typical, occasional. 
1” Pauciflore state, of wet woods, in excessive shade ; grow- 
ing tall and narrow, though not always i in dense masses ; flowers 
of full size or more with about 8 rays: disksturn purple; stem 
very slender, greenish, highly zigzag ; leaves well separated, nor- 
mal below, soon greatly diminished and lanceolate, subentire and 
subsessile. 
N. Y. vic , Mosholu 21 fn *96 ; so continuing ' 97,'98, etc., and 1905. 
S.L. Prince 
IX €. Pss Mill A d ci 16, "9r. 
1 Monocephalous state, a modification of the last and often 
growing with it, with more flexuous stems, tall and persistently 
leafy with little diminution to the single head; in dense patches 
in rich dark wet woods: plainly the result of mutual interference ; 
the virgate stems ascending 15 in. toward the light to bear a 
single flower-head; or varying to a single little cluster seated 
among the long terminal leaves. Examples: 
N. Y. vic., Mosholu, Se. 30, '96 ; Woodlawn woods, Se. 16,'98. 
W. N. Y., Pt. Gratiot, Au.’97,’98, etc. ; Fredonia, at Marsh's woods, Au. 
'97, and Wiley’s brook, Au. 9, 98. 
** * * ** * EXPLICABLE MISCELLANEOUS STATES, assign- 
able to definite cause, but not y increased 
or diminished in siz 
1” Slant-stem state; plants leaning xum into the sunlight 
from growth about the base of bushes or about fence rails ; angle 
about 30° from the vertical. Common along roadsides, especially 
W. N. Y., where it usually shows an increase of hair and rough- 
ness, giving it a dusty appearance due in fact less to roadside 
dust than to puberulence — sometimes all the plants filling thin 
woodlands will assume a uniform slant at this angle of 30?, appar- 
ently in consequence of a prevailing wind. 
