180 DESCRIPTION OF ASTER; DIVARICATI 
pedicels, very remarkable for their twisted rays; the rays all hori- 
zontal in general position, the rays flat at base and then all turned 
one way, as if following the hands of a clock ; the twisted part of 
each ray standing He pr ar. producing the effect of a e 
wheel. Rays 6, 4 in. loni, y is in. wide ; or in many heads 5; 
a few larger heida 7, and 5% in. long. Disks turning cheat 
Bracts narrow, chiefly bevelled, and scarious-edged, sparingly 
ciliate. 
A dozen such plants grew in a row, all alike, at Split Rocks, near Yonkers, along 
the rock base at corner nearest new dwelling ae Se. 16, ’99. Similar plants with- 
out torsion grew near, burgi in exactly the same conditions ; but in this particular 
all the h dh on the plants exhibited this peculiar twist. No plants showing 
ane torsion were paren there at other years, 1896-1903, although the spot was under 
careful scrutiny. The plants might be thought to represent a colony through which the 
torsion-character passed as a temporary wave, affecting a single year ; but more prob- 
ably the colony disappeared through the building operations near. — A few less distinc- 
tive plants, at two or three localities near, Se. 1904 ; also, Stony Lonesome and Mile 
Square Road, 1904. 
20. Aster rupicola sp. nov. 
Small wiry rock-loving plants, with crimson disks, thin firm 
rough spike-toothed broad little leaves, big broad sinus and 
up-curved veins. 
Name, L., **a rockdweller," from the habitat. 
Fic. ya plant from Indianfield, N. Y. City, Se. 15, '98, in hb. Bz. 
Stems wiry and swaying ; not stiffly erect, as in A. virgularis ; 
usually red or ebony-red, chiefly 1 ft., seldom 1% ft. high. 
Radicals seldom produced, cordate-oval, rough, 234 x 2 in. or 
more, irregularly oval, closely crenate-serrate. Leafy shoots of 
4 to 6 inches high produced in numbers, arcuate, with broad 
scutiform leaves as in A. scutiformis. 
Leaves small, thin, firm, roughish in growth and finely 
glabrate. Veins numerous, close, slender, strongly upcurved, 
slightly darker than the leaf-tissue, often reddening earlier than 
the surrounding tissue in autumn and forming guiding-lines for the 
red and yellowish-green mottling which often beautifies this species. 
Leaf-type broad and rounded, suborbicular; acuminate with 
the sinus deep, broad and disproportionately large. Sinus in the 
lower leaves much excavated, becoming shallow above the middle 
of the stem, and finally forming two slight notches at the wing- 
base of some upper caulines; beyond which are usually a few 
rounded bases without cordation. Leaf-form quite persistent 
upward, finally passing in upper caulines into an ovate-acuminate 
