ASTER GLOMERATUS 269 
46! A. glomeratus x A. macrophyllus ; probable hybrid ; both 
assumed parents growing in vicinity ; differs from A. glomeratus in 
showing upper leaves of A. macrophyllus. 
W. N. Y., Zndian Twin Brook, within a mile of 4696; Au. 3, ’96. 
46° A. glomeratus x A. divaricatus ; probable hybrid ; both 
assumed parents growing in the vicinity ; differs from the former 
in its slenderer flexuous stem, larger, sharper, more salient teeth ; 
as in the latter species. Very thin smooth elliptic-lanceolate leaves 
predominant. 
. Y., with 465; probable hybrids of the same species but with Æ. divari- 
catus prepotent, ies occur; for another, A. oviformis X A. glomeratus, see no. 41°, 
History. Bernhardi’s Aster, Aster glomeratus, was first so 
named by Bernhardi, of Erfurt, in letters written to his friend Nees 
between the dates of Nees’ two monographs on the Asters, 1818 and 
1832, sending Nees a specimen with this name, and the assurance 
that numerous other examples of the same had arrived from dif- 
ferent parts of North America, all very different from A. Schreberi, 
the nearest congener recognized by Nees. 
Perhaps this original Erfurt plant of 4. glomeratus was one of 
the Biotian Asters collected by Poppig in Cove Valley, Perry Co., 
Pa., in 1824; specimens forwarded the next year to Dr. Radius, of 
Leipsic, presently finding their way into the herbaria of Bernhardi, 
Günther and Willdenow. 
Johann Jakob Bernhardi was born in Erfurt, in Prussian Saxony, 
7 Sept., 1774, and died there 13 Mar., 1850; was professor of the 
medical faculty of the ancient University of Erfurt, director of 
its botanical garden, and an important author on the flora of 
rmany. He published a catalog of the Erfurt Garden, 1799, 
an extensive descriptive flora of the Erfurt district, 1810, a general 
handbook of botany in 1804; he wrote on lichens and ferns, and 
gave much time to the more purely horticultural side of botan 
till 1824 editing journals devoted to gardening, the 7huringisches 
Gartenzeitung and the Allgemeinen deutschen Garten magazi 
It was doubtless largely due to that Erfurt became a city 
famed as widely for its horticulture as it had once been as the 
temporary residence of Luther. 
To the student of Asters, Bernhardi is of special interest as the 
source of very many of Nees’ original specimens, as credited in the 
successive pages of Nees’ Genera Asterearum. In his Synopsis 
Asterum, 1818, Nees had already expressed his great indebted- 
ness to Bernhardi for information, adding that he had received 
specimens of most species from their native soil, and that Bern- 
hardi was his special source. 
