ASTER BIFORMIS ado 
green-tipped: the chief bracts oblong-obtuse ; the inmost, taper- 
linear; all with rounded subciliate apex. 
Distinguished from arrest forms of A. macrophyllus, A. mult- 
formis, A. roscidus, and other species, by its oval-acute leaf-form, 
narrow-sinus, crenulate margins, glabrate stem, bunch-top in- 
florescence, lilac rays and lingual bracts. | Examples include : 
Canada, Ottawa, ’82, pone in hb. 
Me., Prospect Harbor, Se. 9, 89, H. oe Smith in hb. Bu. 
N. Steuben Co., Tgk viie and Albany Co., Voorheesville, Ll 
C. H. Peck in hb. N. Y. St., Greene Co., Catskills, Koran Mt., to 3,000 ft., 
7,99, Bu. 
W. Y., Niagara gorge, Whirlpool woods, Se. 7, '96, Se., '97, '98. 
Devil's Hole, Au. 25, '96; Canada side, at Wintergreen flat, on the brink of the 
prehistoric cataract, Au. 27, '96; and forming great plantations, thinner and nearly 
sterile, under 1 shade on the Dufferin Is., Au. 27, '96. 
W. , Perrysburg hills, Au. 29, '96; Dunkirk, Pt. Gratiot, Au. 29, 
'96; Silver TN rg 15 na "i '96; Lighthouse Pt., Se. 9, '96, beautifully red-mar- 
morate ; Rosebrook woods, 
Pa., Susguehanna, x 20, '97, Jas. A. Graves. 
Variants. —In the type-locality, near DeVeaux College, 
Niagara Whirlpool, growing with A. azureus and A. ptarmicoides, 
the plant grew originally by the hundreds, not in large patche 
but in little families of a few plants each, in the open sun, at ee 
near the brink of the gorge. A few rods away, at the wood- 
border, it becomes larger, taller, thinner, smoother and more 
leafy ; but does not really extend into the woods. Dwarfs flower- 
ing at 6 in. are abundant; they do not omit the series of little 
leaves but simply reduce and crowd them. Average plants reach 
I ft. Maximum plants are stump-fed and occasional, reaching 2 1 
ft, where enriched from a decaying stump; also when forced up- 
ward to rise above neighboring low bushes. 
Subdivision B. 
Leaves firmer and less polymorphous than in Subdivision A ; 
Strong-serrate, but with teeth not very deep; stem strong but 
slender, with some strigose hair; plants usually glandular all over 
while young. Inflorescence dense, convex. Species 59-64. 
* Plants not tall; chief bracts acutish. Species 59-62. 
59. Aster uniformis sp. nov. 
Low, loosely-cespitose, apple-green, villous, fragrant plants, 
with elegantly-curved broad thin leaves, chiefly with falcate-acu- 
minate apex and broad open sinus, the leaf-series very gradually 
diminished upwards, the bracts villous, thin, flat and broadly 
