348 DESCRIPTION OF ASTERS; MACROPHYLLI 
elliptic radicals form a rosette, subtended by a few normal radicals. 
These elliptic radicals are alike acute at both ends, with remote low 
teeth, and harsh heavy texture very rough on drying ; 8-10 such 
sometimes crown one rootstock, varying to oval and obtuse and 
to lance-oblong, reaching 5 x 3 inches. Only a few are pro- 
duced the second season after such access of light has begun, and 
none the five following years where observed without further 
change of light conditions. When most characteristic these ellip- 
tic leaves are leathery and apple-green, radiating and semi-prostrate, 
remaining after the other radicals have decayed late in November. 
Habitat, rich woodlands on or near rocks. 
Examples include : 
N. H., Meriden Ledve, A. Wood in E 
N. Y., Fulton, Oswego Co., in hb. Clin 
X Y. vic , Yonkers, Spi Rocks, July, jen and Se., '97-1905 
, Alexandria, ‘at Stryker's clearing, 1844; 4. SUC Pra Na 2,” 
Porter in hb. Mercersburg, Au. 9,'50, Porter in hb. 
li, * Huh, A. iaci var., ex. coll. D. Clarke” in hb. pk. 
be scares Se., '98, Albert Ruth, no. 345785 in hb. U. 
Mus., seems to be a small form of this 
64? Sprout-forms. Leaves really rameal in origin and therefore 
following the rameal type, the sprout or sucker being a sprout-bud 
from the base of the primary stem and following the leaf-system of 
an inflorescence-branch; they are elliptic-oblong, sessile and 
amplexicaul, mouse-ear like, soft, thick, obtuse, and erect-ascend- 
ing, 13 x $ in. or less, entire except for 3 or 4 little remote 
aculeate shallow teeth toward the apex. Late sprouts seen Nov. 
3, '96, were bearing 6-7 heads each, lilac-colored and with a faint 
fragrance 
64? Peduncular form. An arrest-form where the upper cau- 
lines for 4 to 10 inches suffer an arrest of full growth, and are so 
small as to make this part of the stem seem a peduncle. Such 
leaves are narrowly oval, 11% x 3 in. or less, eges or na sud- 
den short narrow wing- base. With the type, N. Y. v 
Subdiviston C. 
Leaves thinner, coarsely and saliently double-serrate. 
Species 65. 
65. Aster ferox sp. nov. 
Roughish apple-green plants with very large, fiercely-toothed, 
asymmetrical radicals, thin cordate-ovate, deep-serrate leaf-type, 
multiform sinus, short upturned branches and pale diffuse heads. 
