370 DESCRIPTION OF ASTERS; MACROPHYLLI 
Pappus soon rufous, even within two months after drying. 
Habitat, moist shade, thriving in wet woods along their borders 
or by woodroads, especially on drier spots among pools with a | 
thin clay substratum resting on shale (L. Erie and L. Champlain). 
Examples include : 1 
sia Mount Riga, Au. 18, 1903. 
, L. Minnewaska, Au., '99, C. H. Peck in hb. N. Y. Sz. i 
> ., L. Champlain, bluff near Plattsburg, Au. 31, '97, Bu. Ausable f 
Z4 Au. i0, hes Addison Brown in his herb.; Westport, Se. 16, 1900, JV. L. Britton — i 
in hb. M. Y uot. Gar: |j 
NY. Yonkers, Troublesome Brook, sprouts, Oc. 28, '96; Bryn Mawr " 
Park, under chestnut near station, Se. 26, '96; group kept under observation 10 years j | 
each spring, summer and fall ; with little change of size or vigor and none of other 
characters; its environment also remaining unchanged; late flowers paling, Se. 24, 
1905. 
z oe og EIS Pes ison Brown in his 
b n , Pt. Gratiot Park, ln locality, kept under observa- 
tion 9 d qe Piin gea with hundreds of plants but finally much trampled 
out; early bloom, july 21, '96, July 29,'97; profuse bloom, Au. 11-21, '97; Au- 
29,'96. Niagara, den d , Au. 25, !96 ; Fredonia, Marsh's Woods, Se. 1,'96 ; Cas. | 
sadaga, Fern I., Se. ’96; Silver CN. peri Woods, Au. 15, 96; ap apes Au. 
3,796; Little Indian ayia Au. 20, '96 ; Sheridan, Herrick’s woods, Au. 12, '96; | 
Perrysburg, agis 29, 
No aide to near cattail swamp, sprouts, Oc. 23, '97; Un der 
coh several spots near Hottonia brook, late ere eh Tig Se, 06; Hase 
iced ly, '89, Geo. V. Nash in hb, N. Y. Bot. Gar 
Semen d soil, open woods, Se. ro, M Jas. A. Graves, in hb. : 
Bu. panier. n, Bedford Co., Au. 19-23, 90, jn. K. Smail in hb. 
Blue Ridge, ied on Md. line, 1886, Za/na// in Gray hb., of which 
Gray wrote ** A4. NOMEN, var. (violet rays) toward Herveyi," and again ** why 
not corymbosus ? 
Md., einge fall of '96, hb. 7. A. Sm 
E. Ten , Mountain streams, Se.,’97, A. x in hb. N. Y. Bot. Gar.; 
Cocke Co., along Wolf Cr. , Se. 2,97, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr., no. 780in hb. N. Y. Bot. | 
Gi prago near Gregory Bald, 9e., °98, A. Ruth, no. 594 in hb. W. Y. Bot. Gar: 
W. Va., Stony Man Mt., alt. 3400 ft., E. S. Steele in hb. N. Y. Bot. Gar. 
Allies. Tall plants of A. multiformis connect with A. nobilis 
and A. zanthinus, though their proper types are very diverse. A. 
securifornus forms the intermediate term to A. macrophyllus: or, in 
the Adirondacks, such a transition is afforded by A. elacagnius. A. 
riciniatus perhaps finally replaces A. mutti iformis in the mountains 
southward. Unlike A. multiformis, A. biformis has chiefly but 
one form of leaf, or at least but one reduced size, above the lower 
caulines ; A. uniformis has less variety of form and has that 
masked under a continuance of large size up the stem ; A. riciniatus 
is bes broader and dentate; A. quadratus broader and redder ; 
