384 DESCRIPTION OF ASTERS; MACROPHYLLI 
form (as one or two lower ane broad cordate-oval, and rather 
large, often 6 or 7 by 4 or 5 % inches. 
Primordial triangular- sense. or half an ellipse with truncate 
base, excavate-crenate, long-petioled, preceded by 2 or 3 phyllo- 
dials with long broad petiole and little roundish lam 
Caulines, the lowest commonly of the sled A others 
chiefly long scutiform, with long slender petioles ; upper caulines 
oblong-lanceolate, finally wing-based and serrulate. Axiles simi- 
lar, narrower and sessile. Rameals minute, somewhat subulate. 
Inflorescence small, irregularly paniculate-corymbed, or re- 
duced to a mere tuft. Heads moderate, involucre 5; in. high. 
Bracts narrow-oblong, obtuse, rounded or bevelled at apex, 
pale and with narrow spatulate green tips, the lower spreading or 
reflexed in dry 
Rays lav Nu. soon turning dingy-white, and in larger more 
diffused plants seemingly dingy-white from the inia but in out- 
liers and occasional few-flowered sprouts, deep-vio 
Disk turning reddish-brown. Pappus ecru still after four or 
five years. 
Development: Charles River plants, May 7 ('99), 5 in. high, 
covered (leaves and petioles) with obvious villous upright hairs, 
which are viscid but tapering : with pale or amber glands between, 
subsessile over the leaves beneath, more stalked above ; spots o 
viscid smear occur on the leaves beneath also. Some root- 
stocks 2 ft. long. Earliest growth shows 3-scales; then a little 
quadrate pinon, 14 in. ; 2 radicals follow, with petioles of 5 in., 
themselves 2 x 134 and 1 x 2 in. long. — Palisades, plants 6— 8 
in. high, on May 10, 99. 
Habitat, woods near water, forming large flowerless dense 
colonies sometimes for several rods and finally flowering scantily 
around the edges (after 5 years in one case). — Mass., N. Y. and 
Penn. 
Examples include : 
Mass., Charles R., in Weston, Au., '98, radicals fully up May 9, '99; in 
flower E 1900 
. Y. vic., Yonkers, Dunwoody, Seminary us Au., ’98-I905 ; a few 
late ius in pale flower, Se. 14, 1905; Woodlawn, '98. 
N. J., Palisades hore Undercliff, hundreds of plants in luxuriant condition 
'97-1901, till destroyed bed 
Pa., near Phila., sreg y 
Pa., Willow Gree, epus Co., Oc. 14, '94, J. Bernard Brinton, M.D., 
in hb. Phila. Bot. Clu 
78 Sprout- d Lower leaves coils petioled or winged or 
S DT these or the next above them small and orbicular 
