LEVINE: TWO SPECIES OF POISONOUS MUSHROOMS 177 
Amanitopsis volvata he investigated five species from other genera* 
in which he found a haemolytic substance. In three other species 
of agarics he found heat-resisting haemolysins while in six species 
of Entoloma, two species of Hypholoma, and four species of Boleti 
he found no haemolysin. In all, thirteen species of fungi showed 
the presence of agglutinins which were destroyed by heating to 
60—65? C. for one half hour, while eight species contained heat-re- 
sisting agglutinins which in this respect resembled the agglutinin 
of the fly agaric, Amanita muscaria, as he had earlier described it 
(1906, 1909). Ford has made it clear that while extracts of various 
poisonous mushrooms when injected subcutaneously into guinea 
pigs or rabbits show evidence of toxic properties and also contain 
haemolysins and agglutinins, other poisonous mushroom juices 
may lack entirely or be deficient in both haemolysins and agglu- 
tinins,$ while still other species show haemolysins and agglutinins 
and yet are not toxic.| Ford maintains that herbivora are en- 
tirely non-susceptible to the action of the most virulent of the 
poisonous species of mushrooms when they are introduced into 
the stomach. Later Ford in collaboration with Sherrick (1911) 
investigated the toxic properties of ten species of Boleti and of 
Clitocybe dealbata sudorifica. They found that Boletus felleus, 
B. miniato-olivaceus, and B. chromapes have no agglutinin or hae- 
molysin but contain some toxic substance which when injected 
subcutaneously into the body of the guinea pig caused chronic 
intoxication and finally death. This supports in the main the 
claim of Collins (1898) who reported a non-fatal case of mushroom 
poisoning due to eating Boletus miniato-olivaceus var. sensibilis. 
Rabbits were likewise affected by extracts of B. felleus. Four 
other species of Boletus (B. affinis, B. ornatipes, B. bicolor and 
B. separans) were found to have haemolysins or agglutinins but 
* Clitocybe multiceps, Hygrophorus pratensis cinereus, Н. pratensis albus, Н. 
marginatus and Lactaria torminosa. 
T Inocybe infelix, Galera tenera, and Naucoria firma 
Y Amanita phalloides, A. muscaria, Lactaria torminosa, eum Inocybe infelix. 
$ Amanita Morrisii, A. spreta, A. citrina, A. , Amanitopsis vaginata, 
Clitocybe illudens, Lactaria uvida, Russula suelta; "rridoloma oe "nuper rus 
is cinereus, Н. pratensis albus, Н. hypothejus, Н.с 
E. sinuatum, E. dores cut уя series ctius, e бл бат atum, zu ноор, Hypholoma 
instratum, H. c um, Pa and Boletus pal 
| Ciiipeybe vienen норов ada dide MERE Galera tenera, 
Nau rma. 
