<тост & Boas: STATISTICAL STUDIES IN CICHORIUM 421 
bloom. Here family differences are tó be noted: highest values 
are seen in family (A X Ex) —4-— and lowest values are seen in 
family (A X Ex) —9—. It will be seen by comparison with TABLE 
48 that these modes are high or low quite in agreement with values 
of a. 
The modes for the 1916 crop of the variety red-leaved Treviso 
exhibit a rather wide range of variability, and the most frequent 
class is not strongly indicated but appears to be at 17. It will 
be shown later that the values of a for these plants (TABLE 42) 
are relatively high, although the range of variability of flower 
number is wide. The distribution for the whole season is some- 
what skew and the low modal values are not an indication of the 
seasonal performance. 
No attempt has been made to mass indiscriminately the total 
counts made into a general table. It is obvious that such a 
treatment would cover up indtvidual and line differences, and the 
final value thus obtained would be modified by the proportion- 
ate number of individuals in the different races represented. 
IV. CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOWER NUMBER IN THE VARIETY 
RED-LEAVED TREVISO 
This variety is one of remarkable vigor. of growth. Grown 
from seed sown in pans in a greenhouse during January there is 
vigorous and rapid growth, giving large rosette leaves of extremely 
robust habit and a large much-branched stem. The mature 
plants have been from 4 1/2 to 6 1/2 feet tall (see Fig. 1, Stout '17). 
When thus grown from seed the plants are annuals. The exceed- 
ingly vigorous growth usually reaches full maturity in late summer 
and early autumn and the plants are usually through blooming 
before the first late-autumn freeze. 
The race grown has exhibited a type of teratological develop- 
ment which consists in the production of two stems sometimes 
completely separated above the crown, but usually united and . 
somewhat twisted for a distance, above which the two merge into 
a single apparently normal stem. The fasciation usually does 
not extend to the flower branches and does not directly affect the 
individual flower heads. The extent of fasciation, the leaf shape, 
and the degree of pigmentation in this strain all show considerable 
