es : 
PLiny’s ARGEMON 157 
monia and its partial synonym Eupatorium, the <dzatwpov of 
Dioscorides, claimed to represent Agrimonia Eupatoria L., and 
Eupatorium cannabinum L. 
Finally Linnaeus transferred the name Argemone to his Amer- 
ican papaveraceous genus, which had no ciaim to inherit the name 
except distant and late-discovered relationship. 
To Argemon in the sense of Aster may be attributed : 
1. The synonym Anthemis, 2, 2, 208, interpolation, under 
Argemone. 
2. The synonym Inguinaria, Pxy (“‘ Inguinaria quam quidam 
argemonen vocant’’) though some, as Billerbeck, deem this to be 
Herniaria hirsuta L. 
3- The story told by Pliny of Minerva’s discovery of ‘that 
plant Argemon,” with its use for tumors in man or for ailments of 
swine, when dug without iron, and with the formula, ‘“ Haec est 
herba Argemon, quam Minerva reperit, suibus remedium, qui de 
illa gustaverint.”’ 
4. The uses for argema and for films in the eye also attributed 
to Argemone, D. 
5. The uses for tumors and inflammations, though in part per- 
haps original to Argemonia. 
To Argemonia and Argemone may be attributed Dioscorides’ 
description, and that of Pliny ; Cratevas’ use with nitre rubbed on 
dry before the bath ; and in general, the properties given by Dios- 
Corides under the name Argemone, by his interpolator under the 
name Argemone altera, and by Pliny under the name Argemouia ; 
though strengthened by influence of the reputation for similar 
Properties enjoyed by Argemon or Aster. 
Pliny’s chief contributions to the knowledge of Aster consist in 
his statement of the few leaves, of the use for sciatica, of the 
Roman names inguinaria and argemon, with the inferences implied 
and considered above, together with the opportunity afforded by 
his description for comparisons with that of Dioscorides. 
XI. PausANtrAs 
Pausanias, the Greek geographer, writing the ten books of his 
Periegesis or Itinerary of Greece, about 175 A. D., narrates how after 
| he had travelled about Attica and Megara, while pursuing his way 
