234 Aster Hisrory ; CoNSTANTINUS 
years in seats of Arabic learning in Babylon, India, Aethiopia and 
Egypt. He returned (says Petrus Diaconus, ancient chronicler 
of Monte Cassino), “ erudite to overflowing with philosophical stud- 
ies, master of the Orient and of the Occident, a new and reful- 
gent Hippocrates,”’* 
Among his pupils and successors, taught by him at Monte 
Cassino and Salerno, were Atto, said to have been afterward chaplain 
to the Empress Agnes, Joannes, later of Naples, to whom he left 
his books, and Afflacius, also a Salernitan master. 
The chief dates of his life may have been : birth 1003 + at Car- 
thage ; at 18, 1021, he begins his 39 full years travel in the Orient; 
1060, returns to Carthage and then lives at Reggio, perhaps 10 
years; 1070, becomes identified with Salerno and Monte Cassino 
(appearing as one of the monks of Monte Cassino at the dedication 
of the abbey under Desiderius in 1071); early in 1100, burial ta 
Monte Cassino, aged 96.t 
Constantinus’ works included, besides some unprinted : 
* “Philosophicis studiis plenissime eruditus, Orientis et Occidentis magister, novus 
et effulgens Hyppocrates.’’ 
his birth 1018 and death 1106, although aged 96. (See also p. 238, n.) 
{ Seeking Carthage after these forty years of travel, his fellow countrymen, re 
with people of old Greek lineage, there acquiring that mastery of Greek which he 
shows so remarkably in his translation of the Viaticum into Greek. While here he 
held an official position as secretary—’ Aoyxpiry>—perhaps to Robert Guiscard ; a 
ree 
he 
the reign of Emperor Henricus according to Petrus, at an extreme age, supposed a 
96 by Meyer. Meyer assumes the emperor to have been Henry V. of Constantinople, 
1106-1125 ; but it accords better with the other facts related of Constantinus, to S4P” 
pose that Henry IV. of Germany was intended, whose reign was 1050-1106. | 
